[Greek] εὐχαριστέω (eucharisteō), [Latin] agere gratiam, [Latin[ participare cum gratiam: to give thanks, to express gratitude, to return thanks, to give thanks before meals, to express thanks, 41 scriptural references The people show an expression of thanks (eucharistia) for the…
[Greek] σμύρνα (smyrna), [Latin] myrrha
[Greek] σμύρνα (smyrna), [Latin] myrrha: myrrh, aromatic resin; Mt.2:11,Jn.19:39 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: This term means a resin gum used as an embalming material, incense, salve, and unguent. Herodotus’ The Histories 2.86: “They take out all the intestines filing the…
[Greek] λίβανος (libanos), [Hebrew] leḇō·nā(h)), [Old French] francincense
[Greek] λίβανος (libanos), [Hebrew] leḇō·nā(h)), [Old French] francincense : frankincense, frankincense tree, incense, aromatic resin, Mt.2:11, Rev.18:13 Background information: Greek Hellenism: This term means frankincense. Herodotus’ The Histories 4.75: “But their Scythian women pound cypress and cedar frankincense wood on…
[Greek] χρυσός (chrysos), [Latin] aurum, [German] gold
[Greek] χρυσός (chrysos), [Latin] aurum, [German] gold: gold, yellow, gold coin, gold money; Mt.2:11, Mt.23:16-17, Act. 17:29, 1Cor.3:12, Jas.5:3, Rev.9:7, Rev.18:12, Mt.10:9 Augustus Aureus (27 B.C. – 14 A.D.) Background Information: Greek Hellenism: This term means gold, precious metals, anything…
The Papacy: (1000-1100 A.D.) Part 11
John XVII (1003) 142nd Pope He was a lay person elected by a powerful political faction John XVIII (1003-1009) 143rd Pope He was elected through the actions of a powerful political faction…
‘Twas the Night Before Christmas at the Mall
Twas the night before Christmas, and all through the mall, Not a salesman was idle, shoppers least of all; The merchandise was placed in the windows with care, In hopes that many shoppers soon would be there. The parents…
[Greek] παιδεία (paideia), [Latin] educare, [Latin] erudire, [Latin] disciplina
[Greek] παιδεία (paideia), [Latin] educare, [Latin] erudire, [Latin] disciplina: training, instruction, nurture, education, discipline, correction, upbringing; 2Tim.3:16, Eph.6:4, Heb.12:5 Greek teacher writing with stylus and folding wax tablet (500 B.C) Background: Greco-Roman culture: This education of children was carried out…
‘Tis The Season
‘Twas the Night Before Christmas at the Mall Twas the night before Christmas, and all through the mall, Not a salesman was idle, shoppers least of all; The merchandise was placed in the windows with care, In hopes…
[Greek] σπαργανόω (sparganoō), [Old English] swaebian, [Latin] fasciis involvere
[Greek] σπαργανόω (sparganoō), [Old English] swaebian, [Latin] fasciis involvere: to wrap in swaddling clothing, to wrap with strips, to swathe, to strap; Lk.2:7, Lk.2:12 Migdel Eder (The Tower of the Flock): where it is believed that the angel gave a…
The Papacy: (900-1000 A.D.) Part 10
Benedict IV (900-903) 119th Pope He succeeded in maintain the integrity of the papacy He constantly sought out the way of justice Leo V (903) 120th Pope He was known for his holiness He was…
[Greek] τίκτω (tiktō), [Latin] filius, [Latin] natus, [Latin] generare, [Latin] conceptio, [Latin] parere, [French] enfanter, [French] engendrer, [French] procurer
[Greek] τίκτω (tiktō), [Latin] filius, [Latin] natus, [Latin] generare, [Latin] conceptio, [Latin] parere, [French] enfanter, [French] engendrer, [French] procurer: to beget, to bring forth, to give birth, to bear, to produce, to be born, to be in labor; Mt.1:21,23,25, Mt.…
[Greek] ἀστήρ (astēr), [Latin] stella, [Latin] sidus
[Greek] ἀστήρ (astēr), [Latin] stella, [Latin] sidus: star, morning star, celestial body, supernatural being, supernatural light; Act.27:20, 1Cor.15:41, Jude 13, Rev.1:16. Mt. 2:2, Mt. 24:29, Mk.13:25. Rev. 6:13, Rev.8:11 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: According to the Greeks, the stars were…
[Greek] κατάλυμα (kataluma), [Latin] hospitium, [Latin] diversorium, [Latin] refectionem, [Old English] inn
[Greek] κατάλυμα (kataluma),[Latin hospitium], [Latin] diversorium, [Latin] refectionem, [Old English] inn: place to “loosen down”, lodge, lodging place, guest room, inn, guest chamber, camping area, oasis; Lk.2:7, Mk.14:14, Lk.22:11 No room in the urban lodging place or inn Background Information:…
[Greek] φάτνη (phatnē), [Latin] praesaepe, [French] mangier
[Greek] φάτνη (phatnē), [Latin] praesaepe, [French] mangier: feeding trough, manger, stall, crib, stable; Lk.2:7, Lk.2:12, Lk.2:16, Lk.13:15 A manger is essentially just an animal feeding trough. Background information: Greek Hellenism: This term means manger, crib, ease (comfort), courting one who…
[Greek] παρουσία (parousia), [Latin] adventus, [Latin] praesentia, [French] arrivee
[Greek] παρουσία (parousia), [Latin] adventus, [Latin] praesentia, [French] arrivee: presence, coming, arrival, advent, being in person, being beside, official visit; Mt.24:3,27,37,39, 1Cor.15:23, 1Cor.16:17, 2Cor.7:6-7, 2Cor.10:10, Php.1:26, Php.2:12, 1Thess.2:19, 1Thess.3:13, 1Thess.4:15, 1Thess. 5:25, 2Thess. 2:1,8,9, Jms.5:7-8, 2Pet.1:16, 2Pet.2:4,12, 1Jn.2:28 Background information:…
The Papacy: (800-900 A.D) Part 9
Stephen V (816-817) 99th Pope He was renowned for his generosity to the poor He was the first to administer the oath of allegiance to the emperor St. Paschal I (817-824) 100th Pope He commissioned the…
The Papacy: (700-800 A.D) Part 8
John VI (701-705) 86th Pope The Lombards marched on Rome He defended the Church against the emperor He ransomed many slaves John VII (705-707) 87th Pope He renovated and built churches The Lombards returned papal states in northern…
[Greek] σκληρός (sklēros), [Latin] durus, [Latin] validis
[Greek] σκληρός (sklēros), [Latin] durus, [Latin] validis: be hard, be difficult, be rough, be strong, be severe, be harsh, be unyielding, be stubborn; Jas 3:4, Mt.25:24,Jud. 15, Jn. 6:60, Act. 26:14, Act. 9:4 Background Information: Old Testament: This word has to…
[Greek] ὑγιής (hygiēs), [Latin] sanitas, [Latin] ambulare, [Latin] restituere, [Latin] sanare
[Greek] ὑγιής (hygiēs), [Latin] sanitas, [Latin] ambulare, [Latin] restituere, [Latin] sanare: healthy, whole, sound, well, restored, sound (in doctrine); Mt.12:13, Mt.15:31, Mk.5:34, Jn. 5:6, Jn. 7:23, Tit. 2:8 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: Hygieia was the goddess/personification of health, cleanliness, and…
[Greek] μωραίνω (mōrainō), [Latin] sal, [Latin] stultus
[Greek] μωραίνω (mōrainō), [Latin] sal, [Latin] stultus: to become foolish (a moron), to become tasteless, to become insipid, to act as a simpleton, to make foolish; Rom.1:22, Mt.5:13, Mt.5:22, 1Cor.1:18, 1Cor.1:20 Useless and tainted salt thrown on roads to absorb…
[Greek] θαυμάζω (thaumazō), [Latin] mirari, [Latin] timere, [Latin] stupere, [Latin] admiri
[Greek] θαυμάζω (thaumazō), [Latin] mirari, [Latin] timere, [Latin] stupere, [Latin] admiri: to admire, to wonder, to marvel, to amaze, to be surprised, to be astonished; Act. 7:31, Mt.9:8, Lk.4:22. Jude 16 Spectators are astonished by the speaker’s bombast, deceit, and…
The Immaculate Conception (Dec. 8)
The Immaculate Conception: painting by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (1767) “And coming to her, the angel said, ‘Hail, favored one! The Lord is with you.’” Lk. 1:28 Catholics believe that this verse is an indication of the sinlessness of Mary. This…
[Greek] χαριτόω (charitoō), [Latin] gratia plena, [Latin] gratificare
[Greek] χαριτόω (charitoō), [Latin] gratia plena, [Latin] gratificare: to make graceful, to endow with grace, to be favored, to be highly favored, to cause to find favor; Eph.1:6, Lk.1:28 Mary was already full of grace at her conception (when she…
[Greek] στερεόω (stereoō), [Latin] firmum, [Latin] solido, [Latin] perfectorum
[Greek] στερεόω (stereoō), [Latin] solido, [Latin] firmum, [Latin] perfectorum: to make firm, be strengthened, to make strong, to make solid, to receive strength; Act.3:16, Act.16:5, Act.3:7 Background Information: Old Testament: Outside the bible, this term is rarely used. The meaning…
The Papacy: (600-700 A.D.): Part 7
Sabinian (604-606) 66th Pope The Lombards went on the warpath again He replaced many of Pope Gregory’s monks with secular monks He regulated the ringing of the bells for meditation and prayer He decreed that sanctuary lamps be always kept…
The Papacy: (500-600 A.D): Part 6
St. Hormisdas (514-523) 53rd Pope He was a widower before he went into major orders His son Silverius would later some day be pope The Acacian schism at long last ended The eastern bishops accepted the council of Chalcedon and…
[Greek] θεωρέω (theōreō), [Latin] contemplatio
[Greek] θεωρέω (theōreō), [Latin] contemplatio: to behold, to gaze, to look with purpose, to scrutinize, to be a spectator, to contemplate, to consider, to look upon, to discern, to grasp the circumstances; 61 scriptures Samson makes a “spectacle” of himself…
[Greek] μετεωρίζομαι (meteōrizomai), [Latin] suspensus
[Greek] μετεωρίζομαι (meteōrizomai), [Latin] suspensus: to raise, to suspend, to elevate, to be uncertain, to hesitate, to be anxious, to be uncertain, to be up in the air, to be unsettled, to be distracted, to be uplifted, to be arrogant,…