Exegesis

‎[Greek] κάμηλος (kamēlos): camel, beast of burden, bearer, carrier; Mt.3:4, Mt.19:24, Mt.23:24, Mk.1:6, Mk.10:25, Lk.18:25 A Bedouin leads a caravan (herd)  of camels Background Information: Old Testament: This refers to the Hebrew gamal, meaning bearer or carrier. The camel was…

[Greek] στεῖρα (steira), [Latin] sterilis: barren, infertility, barren woman, barrenness; Lk.1:7, Lk.1:36, Lk.23:29, Gal.4:27, Heb. 11:11 The Old Testament understanding of the barren womb is likened to hard ground. Background Information: Old Testament: This Greek term is related to the…

[Greek] ‎τέχνη (technē) [Latin] ars: art, craft, trade, skill, occupation, technique; Act.17:29, Act.18:3, Rev.18:22 St. Paul works with his fellow tent-makers Aquila and Priscilla Background Information: Secular culture: This term illustrates the creative process of making something appear and the…

[Greek] λογίζομαι (logizomai), [Latin] cogitare, [Latin] reputare, [Latin] deputare, [Latin] existimare, [Latin] aribitrare, [Latin] acceptare: to reckon, to take into account, to regard, to suppose, to count, to have books balanced, to reason, to conclude, to calculate, to compute, to…

[Greek] αὐτόματος (automatos), [Latin] spontaneitas: acting of one’s own will, of its own accord, of itself, spontaneous, automatic, of oneself, self-moved, by itself, without any cause, automatically, moved by one’s own impulse, capable of self-movement; Mk.4:28, Act.12:10 Heron of Alexandria…

[Greek] πίνω (pinō), [Latin] poto, [Latin] bibere, [Latin] imbibere, [German] trinken, [French] absorber: to drink, to imbibe, to soak up, to experience, to absorb, to draw in; 79 scriptural references The bunch of grapes resembles the shape of a pine…

[Greek] διδάσκω (didaskō): to teach, to instruct, to provide instruction, to explain, to teach doctrine, to lead to deeper understanding, to teach in a group setting; Mt.11:1, Lk11:1, Rom.2:21, Col.1:28, Col.3:16, 1Tim.2:12, 1Tim;11, 2Tim 2:2, Heb.5:12, 1Jn.2:27, Mt.9:35, Jn.14:26 A…

[Greek] λατρεύω (latreuō), [Latin] servire, [Latin] deservire: to worship, to serve, to worship idols (idolatry), to offer, to minister (to God), to do service, to render religious homage, to serve in religious duties, to pay homage, to render service; Lk.…

[Greek] ἔξοδος (exodos), [Latin] exodus: departure, exodus, exit, decease, way out, decrease; Lk.9:31, Heb.11:22, 2Pet.1:15 Moses leads the Israelites’ exodus out of Egypt Background Information: Hellenism: This term is used in a variety of ways: a means, an exit, a…

[Greek] προσφέρω (prospherō), [Latin] offere, [Latin] oblatus, [Latin] inducere, [Latin] arbitrare, [French] entrer, [French] introdruirer: to bring to, to offer, to present, to hand over, to lead to, to bear toward, to carry forward, to succeed, to make an offering,…

[Greek] φωσφόρος (phōsphoros), [Latin] lucifer: light bringer, the morning star, day star, giving light, lighter bearer, 2 Pet. 1:19 Venus, the Morning Star Background Information: Cosmology: This term was used to identify the planet Venus in its morning appearance. This…

[Greek] ὀρχέομαι (orcheomai), [French] danser: to dance, to set in motion, to leap, to perform, to lift up the foot, to dance in a row; Mt.11:7, Mt.14:6, Mk.6:22, Lk.7:32 A fresco of King David leaping before the Ark (by Johann…

[Greek] σπεκουλάτωρ (spekoulatōr), [Latin] speculator; scout, executioner, military scout, guard, body guard, attendant, investigator, courier, messenger, soldier, watcher, spy, lookout officer, imperial guard; Mk.6:27 In return for representing the interests of the Roman Empire, King Herod was provided with a contingent…

[Greek] μορφόω (morphoō), [Latin] formare, [German] ordnen: to form, to be formed, to fashion, to change one’s appearance, to be conformed, to be like Christ, to shape: Gal.4:19 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: Essentially, this term means to form or to…

[Greek] φεύγω (pheugō), [Latin] fugere, [Latin] recedere, [Latin] transire, [Latin] profugere, [French] refugier, [German] fliehen: to flee, to escape, to run away, to shun, to seek safety, to vanish, to avoid, to seek flight, be a fugitive; Mt.24:16, Heb.12:25, Heb.11:34,…

[Greek] πλάσσω (plassō), [Latin] formare, [German] bilden: to form, to mold, to fabricate, to be created, to be molded, to be fabricated, plastic; 1Tim.2:13, Rom.9:20 Greek origin myth: Pandora opening the box Background Information: Greek mythology: Since little was understood…

‎[Greek] χαίρω (chairō), [Latin] habere (havere), [Latin] guadere, [Latin] salus, [French] avoir, [German] heil, [German] gesundheit: to rejoice, to be happy, to be well-off, to be glad, to hail, to give a greeting, to favor, to say hello; 77 scriptures Ave…

[Greek] φήμη (phēmē), [Latin] fama: saying, report, news, rumor, fame, word, common report, divine utterance, reputation, gossip, opinion; Mt.9:26, Lk.4:14 Background Information: Greco-Roman mythology: Pheme was the goddess of fame and gossip. Pheme was said to have pried into the…

[Greek] ὄψις (opsis), [Latin] faciem: appearance, vision, optics, countenance, face, look, sight, act of seeing, view, aspect, that which is visible; Jn.11:44, Rev.1:16, Jn.7:24 Elements of opsis: (costumes and masks) were designed to evoke an emotional response from the audience…

[Greek] ἐμπορεύομαι (emporeuomai), [Latin] mercare, [Latin] negotiare: to exploit, to engage in business, to merchandize, to buy and sell, to fabricate, to cheat; Jas.4:13, 2 Pet.2:3 The agora becomes the cultural and commercial center in the Greco-Roman world Background Information:…

[Greek] σχολάζω (scholazō), [Latin] vacantem, [Latin] revertere: to be at leisure, to devote oneself to, to have leisure, to take a holiday, to be vacant (of a house), to give oneself to prayer, to cease from labor, to be free…

[Greek] ὁρίζω (horizō), [Latin] definitum, [Latin] constitutus, [Latin] statuit: to mark off by boundaries, to determine, to appoint, to decree, to declare, to ordain, to decide, to define, to designate, to bound, to limit; Lk.22:22, Act.2:23, Act.10:42, Act.17:26, Rom. 1:4,…

‎[Greek] ζηλόω (zēloō), [Latin] aemulantes, [Latin] zelantes: to be jealous, to desire earnestly, to eagerly seek, to have a feeling against, to be zealous, to burn with desire, to be envious, to strive after, to exert oneself earnestly, to zealously…

[Greek] εἴδωλον (eidōlon), [Latin] simulcro, [Latin] idola: ghost, phantom, shadow, spectre, spirit, image, god, heathen, apparition, vision, statue, figure, form, idol; Rev.9:20, Act.7:41, Act.15:20, Rom.2:22, 1Cor.8:4, 1Cor.10:19, 1Cor.12;2, 2Cor.6:16, 1Thess.1:9, 1Jn.5:21 St. Paul preaching before the Temple of Artemis (painting…

[Greek] ‎πωρόω (pōroō), [Latin] caecare, [French] obscurir, [German] blind machen: to petrify, to harden, to blind, to render stupid, to make hard, to make spiritually deaf, to make spiritually blind, to make insensitive, to make callous, to make dull, to…

‎‎[Greek] τρέχω (trechō), [Latin] currere: to run, to run a track race, to spread rapidly, to rush, to walk hastily, to rush into, to run well, having free run; Lk.15:20, Heb.12:1, Rev.9:9, Mt.28:9, Act.19:28, Rom.9:16, Gal.5:7, 2Thess.3:1 Paul calls his…

[Greek] παράδεισος (paradeisos), [Latin] pardiso: a park, a garden, a paradise, an Eden, a place of future happiness, an enclosed park, a pleasure ground; Lk.23:43, 2 Cor.12:4, Rev.2:7 Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden by Jan Brueghel (1615)…

[Greek] ποίημα (poiēma), [Latin] poema, [Latin] factura: workmanship, what is manufactured, design made by an artisan, what has been made, thing that is made, practice, handiwork, a masterpiece, work done, creation, something made; Rom.1:20, Eph.2:10 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: This…

[Greek] τυφόομαι (typhoomai), [Latin] superbia, ]Latin] voluptas: to be conceited, to be foolish, to inflate with self-conceit, to be lifted with pride, to be proud, to be “puffed up”, to be high-minded, to “wrap in smoke”, to be “clouded with…

[Greek] καυστηριάζω (kaustēriazō), [Latin] cauterians: to mark by branding, to be seared, to brand, to cauterize, to render insensitive, to sear with a hot iron, to be insensitive to, to sear the conscience, to be branded; 1 Tim.4:2 Background Information:…

[Greek] ‎σάκκος (sakkos), [Latin] saccus; sackcloth, mohair garment, coarse cloth, garment of goat or camel’s hair, sack, penitent garment, mourning garment; Mt.11:21, Lk.10:13, Rev.6:12, Rev.11:3 John the Baptist, as a prophet, wears a camel’s hair sackcloth Background Information: Origin and…

[Greek] κλείω (kleiō), [Latin] claudare, [Latin] clausa: to shut, to close, to shut up, to shut up compassion, to block the entrance, to have no pity, to lock; Mt.23:13, Mt.25:10, Lk.4:25, Lk.11:7,Jn.20:19, Act.5:23, Act.21:30, Rev.3:7, Rev.11:6, Rev.20:3, Rev.21:25 Background Information:…

[Greek] τρέμω (tremō), [Latin] tremens, [Latin] audaces: to tremble, to be afraid, to fear, to terrify, to be struck with fear, to quake, to quiver, to be scared, to be disturbed, to flutter, to fall away, to shake off, to…

[Greek] ἐντροπή (entropē), [Latin] reverentiam: shame, respect, ashamed, a turning inward, confusion, a turning in upon oneself (recoiling from what is unseemly), embarrassment; 1 Cor6:5, 1 Cor 15:34, Background Information: Old Testament: Interestingly, this term entrope refers to a turning…

[Greek] διατρίβω (diatribō), [Latin] conferentes, [French] rester: to rub hard, to rub away, to spend time, to stay, to continue, to tarry, to remain, to abide, to pass time, to wear away, to make a path, to rub off of;…

[Greek] χορηγέω (chorēgeō), [Latin] praestare, [Latin] adiministrare, [French] surpasser: to lead a chorus (group of performers), to lead a play, to be a choreographer, to defray the cost of a chorus, to supply, to minister, to be a dance leader,…

[Greek] πατέω (pateō), [Latin] calcare: to make a path, to tread on, to be trampled under, to tread under foot, trample, to step on, to conquer, to treat dispairingly, to walk; Lk.10:19, Lk.21:24, Rev.14:20, Rev.19:15, Rev.11:2 Jesus give His disciples…

[Greek] ὄγκος (ogkos), [Latin] impedimenta: hindrance, bulk, baggage, impediment, encumbrance, heaviness, challenge, swelling, tumor, volume, loftiness; Heb.12:1 The Roman army bringing a supply/baggage wagon (impedimenta) for support for extended campaigns Background Information: Roman army: During the Roman Empire, the Roman…

[Greek] λείπω (leipō), [Latin] deficiente, [Latin] indigere, [German] fehlen: to lack, to need, to leave behind, to fall away, to be destitute, to be left behind, to fail, to leave, to be inferior, to be wanting, to be in need,…

[Greek] ἀνάξιος (anaxios), [Latin] minimis : (adjective) failing to follow an axiom (principle), unworthy, unfit, not competent, unreasonable, inappropriate, unqualified; 1 Cor. 6:2 [Greek] ἀναξίως (anaxiōs): (adverb) failing to follow an axiom (principle), unworthily, improperly; 1 Cor.11:27,29 Paul has concerns…

[Greek] λευκαίνω (leukainō), [Latin] albus: to make white, to whiten, to bleach; Mk.9:3, Rev.7:14 The Ancient One (God) on His throne, with snow bright clothing and hair white as wool (Dan.7:9) Background Information: Greco-Roman culture: This term primarily has the…

[Greek] κρύπτω (kryptō), [Latin] absconditus, [Latin] non revelare, [Latin] occultus: to hide, to conceal, to keep secret, to keep things hidden; Mt.13:44, Lk.13:21, Col.3:3, Mt.11:25, Heb.11:23, Mt.25:18, Mt.5:14, Mt.10:26, Lk.12:2, Mk.4:22, Lk.8:17, Jn.19:38, Jn.3:2, Jn.7:4, 2 Cor.4:2, Eph.5:12 The Finding…

[Greek] ‎μυωπάζω (muōpazō), [Latin] myops, [Latin] improvidus: to fail to understand, to be myopic, to be short-sighted, cannot see far off, to see only what is near, to shut the eyes; 2Pet.1:9 When we see only what we want to…

[Greek] κλίνη (klinē): bed, couch, reclining couch, table, stretcher, cot, sofa, banqueting couch; Mt.9:2, Mt.9:6, Mk.4:21, Mk.7:4, Mk.7:30, Lk.5:18, Lk.8:16, Lk.17:34, Rev.2:22 An upholstered kline (reclining couch) belonging to an affluent Roman household Background Information: Greco-Roman culture: This term is…

[Greek] τράπεζα (trapeza), [Latin] mensa: table, dining table, bank, food, stool, meal, money counter, eating table, food on the table, mat, meat, privileges granted, what is provided on the table; Lk.16:21, Jn.2:15, Act.16:34, Lk.19:23, 1Cor.10:21, Act.6:2, Lk.22:21, Mk.14:18 In the…

[Greek] ‎τραχηλίζω (trachēlizō), [Latin] apertus: to take by the throat, laid bare, to seize the throat (trachea), to expose the neck, to bend the neck, to grip the neck; Heb. 4:13 Background Information: Pankration: Pankration literally means all of power,…

[Greek] νικάω (nikaō), [Latin] vincere, [Latin] victoria: to conquer, to have the attitude of to just “do it”, to prevail, to overcome, to overpower, to get the victory, to subdue, to gain victory, to come off victorious; Mt.12:29, Mk.3:27, Lk.11:22,…

‎[Greek] ἰδιώτης (idiōtēs), [Latin] idiota: private individual, layman, simpleton, rustic, bumpkin, outsider, alien, outsider, unskilled person, simple person, commoner; Act.4:13, 2Cor.11:6, 1Cor.14:16, 1Cor. 14:23-24 Ancient Greek farmers (idiotai)  living a simple life Background Information: Greco-Roman culture: This term means a…

[Greek] ἱλαρός (hilaros): cheerful, merry, hilarious, joyfully ready, joyous, gracious, eager to give, willing, good humored; 2Cor. 9:7 King Solomon bestows favor on Sheba and his other subjects Background Information: Classical Greek: This term, meaning glad, merry, or cheerful, can…

[Greek] διχοτομέω (dichotomeō), [Latin] dividere: to cut into two, to cut asunder, to cut into pieces, to bisect, to cut up by scourging, to punish severely, to separate, to cut in half, to dismember; Mt. 24:51, Lk.12:46, Heb.11:37, Lk.19:27 Background…

[Greek] διαλογίζομαι (dialogizomai), [Latin] cogitare, [Latin] disputare: to consider, to deliberate, to discuss, to reckon, to reason, to resolve in one’s mind, to ponder, to dispute, to hold a discussion, to engage in dialogue, Mk.2:6, Mk.2:8, Lk.1:29, Lk.3:15, Lk.5:21-22, Lk.132:17,…

[Greek] χαρακτήρ (charaktēr), [Latin] character: exact representation, engraving, impression, impress, mark, brand, reproduction, stamp, image; Heb.1:2-3 Background Information: Greco-Roman culture: Representations/copies: Images were impressed upon coins, wood, stone, brass, and other surfaces. Having the emperor’s image on coins was a…

[Greek] ‎στρατεύομαι (strateuomai), [Latin] interrogare, [Latin] militaris: to serve in a military campaign, to wage war, to engage in war, to fight, to be a soldier, to make war, to undertake a campaign, to go to war, to engage in…

[Greek] πρόγνωσις (prognōsis), [Latin] praescentia: foreknowledge, prophecy, prognostication, foretelling, perceiving beforehand, knowing beforehand; Act.2:23, 1Pet.1:2 The Oracle at Delphi: a place to seek guidance and knowledge for healing Background Information: Greek Hellenism: The classical sense of prognosis means knowing, perceiving,…

[Greek] ἀνταγωνίζομαι (antagōnizomai), [Latin] contendere, [Latin] certare, [Latin] sollicitus, [French] disputer: to strive against, to struggle against, to resist, to fight against, to stand firm, to be a competitor in a contest, to struggle with; Heb.12:4 Background Information: Competition/contest metaphor:…

[Greek] ‎ἀναλογίζομαι (analogizomai), [Latin] recogitare: to consider, to ponder, to reflect, to deliberate, to think over, to reckon up, to consider by way of comparison, to reflect upon; Heb.12:3 Background Information: Classical Greece: This term is commonly used in classical…

[Greek] συμπαθέω (sympatheō), [Latin] conpati: to suffer with, have a fellow feeling, to sympathize, to bear with,  to commiserate, to have sympathy for, to be touched with, to share in suffering Jesus, the High Priest, is the one who perfectly…

[Greek] σκηνή (skēnē), [Latin] tabernaculum, [Latin] habitare: dwelling, tabernacle, tent, scene, building background for a dramatic performance, habitat, shelter, booth, place; Mt.17:4, Heb.11:9, Act.7:44, Heb. 8:2,5 An existing model of the Tabernacle in Jerusalem Background Information: Greek Hellenism: Outside the…

[Greek] ἀπειθέω (apeitheō), [Latin] incredulus, [Latin] non credere, [latin] infidelibus: to disobey, to be apathetic, to be disobedient, to not believe, to refuse to believe, to refuse to be persuaded, to disregard, to not comply with, to decide against; Rom.…

[Greek] ἐπισκέπτομαι (episkeptomai), [Latin] visitare, [Latin] considerare, [French] examiner: to go to see, to be concerned, to visit, to look upon, to examine with the eyes, to inspect, to render assistance, to be present, to take care of, to seek…

‎[Greek] ἄθλησις (athlēsis), [Latin] passio: contest, conflict, struggle, fight, competition, combat, trial, affliction; Heb.10:32 St. Bruno, born in 1030 A.D, was the founder of the Carthusian Order. He was a close advisor of his former pupil Pope Urban II (who…

[Greek] φαντάζω (phantazō), [Latin] terribilis: to make visible, to become visible, to make manifest, to show, to appear as a sight, to cause to appear; Heb.12:21 Moses, in fear and trembling, kneels in the presence of God Background Information: Greco-Roman…

[Greek] δονή (hēdonἡē), [Latin] voluptatibus, [Latin] concupiscienta: pleasure, lust, delight, gratification, self-gratification, sensual pleasure; Lk.8:14, Jas.4:3, 2Pet.2:13, Tit.3:3, Jas.4:1 A common depiction of hedonism in Greco-Roman society Background Information: Greco-Roman culture: Hedonism developed an important history with Greek philosophers and…

[Greek] αὐθεντέω (authenteō), [Latin] dominari, [French] regner: to govern, to exercise authority over, to dominate, to usurp authority, to teach, to murder, to act on one’s authority, to claim to be the author; 1Tim.2:12 Temple of Artemis (one of the…

[Greek] αὐξάνω (auxanō), [Latin] crescere, [Latin] incrementum: to grow, to increase, to wax, to enlarge, to grow up, to become greater; Col.1:10, Act.19:20, 2Cor.9:10, Lk.2:40, Lk.12:27,Col.2:19, Mt.6:28, Jn.3:30, 2Cor.10:15, Col.1:6 The New Testament continues the Old Testament themes of gardening,…

[Greek] βάλλω (ballō): to throw, to cast out, to strike, to thrust, to lie, to be laid, to put; Mt.5:30, Jn.8:7, Rev.6:13, Mt.9:17, Mt18:30, Jas.3:3, Mt.10:34, 1Jn.4:18, Mt.25:27, Rev.14:16, Rev.2:22, Lk.12:49, Jn.13:2 Fisherman throwing out their casting nets Background Information:…

[Greek] πράσσω (prassō), [Latin] exigere, [Latin] agere, [Latin] recipere, [Latin] observare: to practice, to commit, to perform repeatedly, to do, to exact something, to undertake, to work, to exhort, to bring something about, to carry out a political activity; Act.…

[Greek] μιμέομαι (mimeomai), [Latin] imitari: to imitate, to follow, to mimic, to be obedient; 2Thes.3:7, Heb.13:7, 3Jon.11, 1Cor.4:16 Background Information: Hellenism: In the Hellenistic cosmological thought, this Greek word mimeomai takes on the sense of to do what is seen…

‎[Greek] τρέφω (trephō), [Latin] nutrio: to nourish, to make to grow, to support, to fatten, to bring up, to nurture, to let grow naturally, to rear; Mt.6:26, Mt.25:37, Lk.12:24, Lk.23:29, Act.12;20, Jas.5:5, Rev.12:14,16, Lk.4:16 In 527 A.D. emperor Justinian decreed…

[Greek] δογματίζω (dogmatizō), [Latin] decernere: to speak dogmatically, to decree, to subject oneself to an ordinance, to submit, to command, to put one under an obligation; Col.2:20 The Jerusalem Council sorting out the issues of circumcision and dietary laws Background…

[Greek] στερέωμα (stereōma), [Latin] firmamentum, [Latin] rigidius, [Latin] validus; support, firmness, steadfastness, strength, stability, bulwark (military fortification), solid front; Col.2:5  Paul’s exhorts the Colossians’ faith to be a strong defense against the false teachers. In Eph.6:16 Paul calls upon Christians to…

‎[Greek] συνεργός (synergos), [Latin] adiutor, [Latin] cooperator: fellow worker, co-worker, partner, collaboration, fellow laborer; Rom.16:3, 1Cor.3:9, 2Cor.1:24, Phil.2:25, Col.4:11, 1Thess.3:2, Mk.16:20 An old Roman mural of Paul’s co-workers Prisca and Aquila Background Information: Old Testament: This Greek term synergos is…

[Greek] πολιτεύομαι (politeuomai): to be a citizen, to take part in political life, to conduct oneself with proper references to obligations to others, to administer the state, to be a public servant, to “walk” (conduct oneself in life), to conduct…

[Greek] ἀμύνομαι (amunomai), [Latin] vindicare: to come to the aid of, have tools to defend, to ward off, to put a defense before oneself; Act.7:24 Moses, using a sword, defends and avenges his fellow kinsmen in Egypt (Ex. 2:11-14) Background…

‎[Greek]  ξένος (xenos), [Latin] hospes, [Latin] peregrinus, [Latin] pilgerin: a host, a guest, a stranger (immigrant), one who shows hospitality, a strange thing, one receives and entertains, a foreigner, an alien, foreign, strange; Act.17:18, Heb.13:9, 1Pet.4:12, Rom.16:23, Mt.25:35, Act.17:21, Heb.11:13,…

[Greek] θεατρίζω (theatrizō), [Latin] spectaculum: to make a spectacle of, to bring up to the stage, to expose publicly, to make an  example of, to make a public spectacle, to make a gazing stock, to expose to contempt; Heb. 10:33,…

‎[Greek] σκοπέω (skopeō), [Latin] videre, [Latin] observare, [Latin] contemplare, [Latin] considerare, [French] voir: to view closely, to examine, to fix one’s eyes upon, to observe, to behold, to contemplate, to consider, to mark, to pay attention; Rom.16:17, Phil.3:17, Gal.6:1, Phil.2:4,…

[Greek] ἀπορφανίζω (aporphanizō), [Latin] desolare: to be orphaned, to make someone an orphan, to have someone torn apart, to make parents deprived of children; 1Thess. 2:17 Paul speaks in the public square in Thessalonica.  A disturbance ensues and a mob…

[Greek] ἀλληγορέω (allēgoreō): to speak allegorically, to speak figuratively, to make an allegory, to speak symbolically; Gal.4:24, 1Cor.5:6-8, 1Cor9:8-10, Jn.15:1-17 Israel is the allegorical vine brought by out of Egypt by God Background Information: Allegorical Mythology: As many of the…

[GreeK] ἐνδημέω (endēmeō), [Latin] praesente: to be in one’s own country, to be at home, to be among one’s own people, to be present; 2Cor.5:6,8,9 Background Information: Physical (bodily) and invisible (spiritual) realms: Paul and Christians, living in the physical…

[Greek] βαρέω (bareō), [Latin] gravitas: to weigh down, to be overcome, to be weighted down, to be heavy, to be pressed, to have “heavy” eyes (drowsy), to be sleepy; Lk.21:34, 2Cor.1:8, 2Cor.5:4, 1Tim.5:16, Lk.9:32, Mt.26:43 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: This…

[Greek] παύω (pauō), [Latin] pausa, [Latin] disinere, [Latin] coercere: to cease, to pause, to quit, to come to an end, to stop, to get release from, to refrain; Lk.5:4, Lk.8:24, Lk.11:1, Act.5:42, Act.6:13, Act.13:10, Act.20:1, Act.21:32,1Cor.13:8, Eph.1:16, Col.1:9, Heb.10:2, 1Pet.4:1,…

‎[Greek] καρδία (kardia), [Latin] cor: heart; Act.21:34, Act.14:17, Lk.24:32, Mk.7:21, Lk.21:14, Mk.12:30, Lk.16:15 Old Testament: the heart is the “seat” of moral and religious conduct Background Information: Old Testament: This term is predominantly depicted in the figurative sense. The figurative…

[Greek] ἔκστασις (ekstasis), [Latin] stupore, [Latin] invadare, [Latin] adprehendere: a standing out of one’s self, being aside oneself, amazement, astonishment, trance, lose one’s senses, state of being beyond reason and self-control; Mk.5:42, Mk.16:8, Lk.5:26, Act.3:10, Act.10:10, Act.11:5, Act.22:17 The Oracle…

[Greek] ‎συμφωνέω (symphōneō), [Latin] consentire, [Latin[ convenire, [Latin] concordare: to be in harmony, to be in accord, to “sound together”, to agree, to have singleness of mind; Lk.5:6, Act.15:15, Mt. 18:19-20, Act 5:9, Mt.20:2 It was necessary for two or…

[Greek] λαμπρός (lampros), [Latin] alba, [Latin] candida: bright, shiny, brilliant, clear, splendid, magnificent, gorgeous; Lk.23:11, Act.10:30, Jas.2:2, Rev.22:6, Rev.18:14, Rev.15:6, Rev.19:8, Rev.22:16 The candidatus (political candidate) aspires to be in office wearing a bright white toga (candida toga) Background Information:…

[Greek] γλεῦκος (gleukos),[Latin] mustum: sweet wine, new wine, unfermented wine, fresh grape juice, must; Act.2:13 A stone winepress discovered in Hamei Yo’av  Israel Background Information: Old Testament: This Greek term gleukos refers to several related Hebrew terms in the Old…

[Greek] εὐχαριστέω (eucharisteō), [Latin] agere gratiam, [Latin[ participare cum gratiam: to give thanks, to express gratitude, to return thanks, to give thanks before meals, to express thanks, 41 scriptural references The people show an expression of thanks (eucharistia) for the…

‎[Greek] σμύρνα (smyrna), [Latin] myrrha:  myrrh, aromatic resin; Mt.2:11, Jn.19:39 Background Information: Greek Hellenism: This term means a resin gum used as an embalming material, incense, salve, and unguent. Herodotus’ The Histories 2.86: “They take out all the intestines filing…