[Greek] ἀξιόω (axioō), [Latin] arbitrate, [Latin] dignare, [French] observer: to deem fit, to consider worthy, to count worthy, to think good to choose, to regard worthy, to consider wise or fitting, to deem suitable, to act accordingly, being deemed or esteemed; Lk.7:7, 2Thess.1:11, 1Tim;17, Heb.3:3, Heb.10:29, Act.15:38, Act.13:42, Act.28:22
Background Information:
Hellenism: This term is used in the sense of to expect, to consider it right, and to consider something worthy or deserving. Considering something worthy can be positive (deserving a reward) and also negative (deserving punishment). The Stoic philosopher Epictetus describes one’s calling, position, and destiny to be regard worthy of a post by Zeus. Epictetes states one should be behave politely in all situations. The historian Thucydides pondered what is considered proper and ethical behavior during warfare.
Old Testament: This term is related to seven Hebrew terms which convey a variety of meanings and senses. Such meanings include to seek, to ask, to petition, to implore, to root out, and to replace. Other senses include lifting, tearing in a figurative, literal, and in an absolute way. They sought Daniel and his companions to be slain (Dan.2:16). It came to pass (Ex.33:7). Because God has dealt graciously with me (Gen.33:11). To whom I will be gracious (Ex.33:19). Lift up thy eyes (Gen.13:14). The Lord rooted them out of their land in anger (Deut.29:28). I desire a request of you (Jgs.8:24). Abraham lifted up his eyes (Gen.22:4). Daniel praying and making supplication to God (Dan.6:11).
New Testament: This term essentially means to make or consider worthy. The New Testament illustrates this term in varied and nuanced meanings. Being worthy is illustrated by one’s status, moral character, acceptance, situation, and circumstances. It was considered worthy to be humble and to show respect toward others. Situations often determined whether one was accepted or rejected. Openness to other viewpoints were often based on value judgments.
Scripture:
“But we should like to hear you present your views, for we know this sect is denounced everywhere.” Act. 28:22
The Jews of Rome were open to hear Paul present his views. These Jews felt it was worth the effort to hear Paul.
“Paul insisted that they should not take with them someone who deserted them at Pamphylia and who had not continued with them in their work.” Act.15:38
Paul made a choice that it was not worth it that this person come along with them.
“Therefore, I did not consider myself worthy to come to you’ but say the word and let my servant be healed.” Lk.7:7
It was considered unclean for a Jew to enter a house of a Gentile. This may also apply to social status.
Conclusion:
Axiom, axiomatic, arbitrate, arbitrary, dignity, deign, observe
It is interesting to note that Hellenistic wisdom and philosophy can provide and offer sage advice which can be applicable to Judeo-Christian principles. It does make sense that being worthy can apply both positively and negatively.
In the New Testament culture, the Jews had a certain perspective about what it means to be worthy. The Pharisees, scribes, and Sadducees were considered the prominent and worthy class. Less desirable (worthy) were considered the unclean. However, Jesus did not make this distinction. Instead, Jesus associated with the unworthy and sinners. The one who follows Jesus now is considered as worthy in God’s eyes.