Resounding The Faith

Greek] δουλεύω (douleuō), [Latin] servire, [Latin] deservire, [French] etre esclave: to serve, to be a slave, to be subjected, to be in bondage, to sin; 27 scriptural passages

MLK equates abortion with slavery

Background information:

Ancient civilizations: This term means to be a slave, to serve, to be subject to, and to make oneself a slave. The Greeks, Romans, and others have historically had a morally conflicted and ambiguous relationship with slavery. Although servants (slaves) were deemed foreigners (barbarians), some were afforded some rights, freedoms, and opportunities.

Plato’s Phaedrus 238e: “He who is ruled by desire and is a slave to pleasure will inevitably desire to make his beloved as pleasing to himself as possible.”

Old Testament: This term means to serve, to be subjected to, to labor, to worship (serve God), to minister, and to contribute to. This term denotes a relationship of dependence or service of a lowly servant to a powerful master. This relationship may be forced, restrictive, or sometimes voluntary. In the Old Testament, man is the servant/slave to God, the majestic authority.

New Testament: This term means to serve (minister) to others, to serve the Lord, and to be enslaved. Jesus teaches that one cannot serve two masters, both God and mammon. Caring for others (family, students and friends) becomes a form of service (being a servant). God states one must use their freedom to serve one another through love. God cautions one to not be enslaved by sin. Through baptism and Christ’s resurrection, one can escape the grip of sin. Paul calls one to be like a slave in being devoted to Christ. Who serves Christ will become pleasing to God.

Scripture:

“Jesus said to them, ‘Amen, amen, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is a slave to sin.’” Jn.8:34

Jesus responds to the Jews’ (descendants of Abraham) false claim that they were never enslaved. Historically, the Jews were enslaved almost continuously.

“I served the Lord with all humility and with the tears and trials that came to me because of the plots of the Jews.”

Paul essentially becomes a slave in his humble service for the Lord.

“For you were called for freedom, brothers. But do not use this freedom as an opportunity for the flesh; rather serve one another through love.” Gal.5:13

God calls us to use our freedom to selflessly serve others.

Etymology: The Latin verb servire means to serve, to be a slave, and to be subject to. The Latin noun servus means slave. The Latin verb deservire means to merit, be worthy of, and serve well. This meaning evolved to mean to be entitled to because of good service. The French verb esclave is derived from the Medieval Latin sclavus. Many Slavs were sold into slavery by conquering people.

Harriet Tubman: “I freed a thousand slaves. I could have freed a thousand more if only they knew they were slaves.”

Abraham Lincoln: “Those who deny freedom to others deserve it not for themselves.”

Abraham Lincoln: “If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong.”

Aiden Wilson Tozer: “We must of necessity be servant to someone, either to God or to sin.

St. Augustine: “The will is truly free, when it is not the slave of vices and sins.”

Margaret Sanger: “No woman can call herself free until she can choose consciously whether she will or not be a mother.

Margaret Sanger: “We don’t want the word to get out that we want to exterminate the Negro population.”

Margaret Sanger: “A free race cannot be born of slave mothers.”

Conclusion:

Serve, deserve, deserving, slave

The Greeks felt that slavery was a perversion of one’s dignity, yet often advocated for slavery. Plato already understood that desire (sin) can be enticing and pleasing.

In the Old Testament, scripture states that the following people were called servant/slaves: Saul’s couriers (1Sam.18:5), David (1Kgs.19:4), Joab (2Kgs.14:19), Moses (Jos.14:7), Abraham (Psa.104:42), Isaac (Dan.3:35), and Jacob (Isa.48:20).  This sets the stage for Jesus and Paul being humble servants.

Many of us are constantly struggling with the issue of serving two masters: God vs. (fill in the blank for your “god”).

Paul proudly proclaims that he is a slave (servant) for Christ.

God will be pleased when you serve Christ.

This reminds me of the famous question form the old Baltimore Catechism: Why did God make you? The “Reader’s Digest” answer version is “To know Him, to love Him, and to serve Him.”

Many of us often may live under the modern-day illusion of freedom (to do whatever or anything we want). One can potentially become trapped (like a slave to sin). The sin rules us.

Update:  MLK prophetically ties abortion to slavery. His words says it all. What more needs to be said!

Planned Parenthood felt that they had to remove the name and association with Margaret Sanger, their organization’s founder who held racist views toward blacks.

For many years, failed Democratic party economic policies have held back the African Americans in the inner cities. (Ex. Baltimore, Detroit, Philadelphia, New Orleans, etc.)

The social media tech firms seek to deny freedom under the suppression and content moderation.

We live in an age now where many believe that there is nothing wrong with abortion.

We must not forget all those Russian citizens (prisoners of circumstances) who will have to bear the brunt of these Russian sanctions.

We also must be mindful of the many worried parents who are desperately looking for infant formula for their child.

We need to continue to get the word out about the evils and pains of abortion.

Now we must begin to serve others in changing hearts and minds about abortions.

The scandal is that slavery was once considered settled law in the United States. (This is a reminder that settled law is not necessarily good law.)

If this post was perhaps uncomfortable or unsettling, then this post has served its purpose. We must strive to serve and change the hearts and minds of those who perhaps felt they had no choice or have been hurt (controlled by regrets) by their decisions. Compassion and understanding would serve them well. Prayers are also needed for their conversion. Recent events and circumstances have often caused some of us to alter our approach to the issues we face. Sometimes offering another perspective may help to change one’s heart and mind. It is often very difficult to turn back to more simple times when words and their meanings have turned upside down in these modern times. Perhaps we may come back to a point where words really mean what they say. That would also serve us well.

Next post: changing and turning around

[Greek] σκανδαλίζω (skandalizō), [Latin] scandalizare, [Latin] offendere, [French] huerter, [French] indigner, [German] shockieren: to offend, to scandalize, to cause to sin, to stumble, to trip up, to be offended, to trap; 45 scriptural references

Background information:

Skandalon: A skandalon is essentially a dead-fall trap or snare. Meat or bait is secured on a stick to trap an animal. This term also later takes on the sense of a trap, obstacle, and stumbling block.

Greek Hellenism: This term, rarely used, means to set traps, to cause to stumble, to give offense, to take offense, and to stumble.

Aristophanes’ Acharnians 687: “The accuser, desirous of conciliating the younger men, overrules us with his ready rhetoric; he drags us before the judge, presses us with questions, and lays verbal traps for us.”

Epictetus: “If someone succeeds in provoking you, realize that your mind is complicit in this provocation.”

Old Testament: This term means to stumble, to slip, or be trapped in a spiritual context. The action of falling always takes on a more serious sense than the stumbling block. This action of falling results in a ruined relationship with God.

New Testament: This term means to cause one to sin, to take offense, to be offended, and to fall away. No offense, but I will just mention some noteworthy scriptural examples

Causing one to sin:

Mt. 5:29-30: Removing a body part causing sin is still less serious than total damnation (Gahenna)

Mt. 18:6: Causing a little one to sin is more serious than being thrown in the sea (with a millstone around one’s neck).

To take offense:

Mt.11:6: Blessed is the one who is not offended at Jesus

Mt.13:57: How can this carpenter we know can have some wisdom and do these mighty deeds?

Mt. 15:12: The elders were offended that Jesus called them hypocrites (favoring human traditions)

Jn.6:61: The disciples were offended (shocked) that Jesus would tell the disciples they must east His Flesh and drink His blood to have eternal life

To fall away:

Mt.13:21: The seed sown on rocky ground is like one whose faith falls away during difficulties

Mt.26:31: The disciples’ (sheep) faith will be shaken

Rom.14:21: It is not good to eat meat or drink wine or do anything that causes someone to stumble.

Literature: The Catholic Douay-Rhims translation of the New Testament, published in 1582, caused quite a stir when it replaced the words “offend” and “stumbling block” with “scandalize” and “scandal”. Despite initial criticism, this terminology was accepted in the European continent accustomed to and familiar with scandals in many aspects of life. Medieval and Renaissance writers, including Shakespeare, quickly adopted these terms. Interestingly, Shakespeare’s play Hamlet makes referenced to mousetraps and scandals.

Conclusion:

Scandal, scandalize, indignant, shock, shocking, hurt, offend, offensive

It is important to note that this term was not frequently used during the Greek Hellenist period. Perhaps, this notion of scandalizing was net yet fully conceived. It is quite interesting that Epictetus had already understood the notion of someone “living rent-free” in another person’s head.

In the New Testament, Jesus repeatedly points out the hypocrisy of the Jewish leaders. This in turn leads them to be increasingly antagonistic and offended by Jesus.

Jesus often speaks in hyperbolic terms (cutting of limbs and eyes) to illustrate the more serious consequences of sin.

A strong faith becomes all the more important when one experiences difficulties.

It also now requires courage to not be offended by Jesus.

It is important to note that Jesus did not try to convince His disciples to come back by saying, “Come back. I was only speaking figuratively about eating My Body and drinking My Blood!” The great and sad irony is that the Jews were forbidden to the drink the blood because of Jewish customs (the life is in the blood) [Deut. 12:23]. Yet this established Jewish restriction prohibited the Jews from partaking of His Blood (providing everlasting life). It is very interesting that at Jn.6:66, many of the disciples walked away. (Maybe the devil made them do it??)

It goes without saying that the culture continually redefines the meaning of words.

Update: For many of us, that Bridergton music still lives “rent-free” in our heads.

The same can be said for all those who continue to live with “Trump Derangement Syndrome”. 

The scandal is that slavery was once considered settled law in the United States. (This proves that settled law isn’t necessarily good law.)

Many are offended in that some candidates should not be allowed to run for office because of their political actions.

It is scandalous that protesters are targeting the Supreme Court justices. And many believe that this is permissible.

Many are offended that the Supreme Court would make a decision to overturn Roe vs Wade, a decision based on the law rather than public opinion.

Many teachers are offended that they cannot talk about sex and gender to their young students. Many parents are offended that teachers are allowed to do this.

Some protesters are so offended that they would resort to bombing pro-life facilities and disrupting church services.

Many are offended that a “Catholic” president would support abortion and pro-choice groups.

We continue to live in cancel culture world where many offend or are offended. These accusations thrown back and forth can be quite deafening. It is often very difficult to hold one’s peace. Silence can be very helpful. Yet there are times when keeping silent speaks volumes about one’s character and to say nothing about one’s motives. Others stay silent because they already may have said too much. Then there are those who can’t keep silent any more. Despite all this, it is often difficult to avoid the obstacles, traps and stumbling blocks along the way.

Next: The “sounds” and thoughts of silence

[Greek] παραδίδωμι (paradidōmi), [Latin] tradere, [Latin] producere, [Latin] aperire, [French] remettre, [French] decouvrir, [German] hervorbringen: to give over, to entrust, to transmit, to hand over, to instruct, to betray, to allow; 135 scriptural passages

Just hand it over to God

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to hand over, to transmit, to hand down, to surrender, to entrust, to maintain, to teach, to send, to receive, and to betray.

Plato’s Critias 106b: “If we unwittingly we have spoken aught discordantly, that he will impose the fitting penalty. And the correct penalty is to bring him into tune him that is out of tune.”

Euripides’ Phoenissae 1393: “Polyneices, seeing a chance of dealing him a blow, aimed at him.”

Xenophon’s Cyropaedia 8.6.17: “He has the proper official appointed to receive the letters that were delivered to and to forward them on.”

Xenophon’s Hellenica 6.3.4: “I am not the only member of our family who has held the position, but my father received it from his father.”

Euripides’ Orestes 64: “Hermione was entrusted to my mother’s keeping.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 1.45: “The murderer stood before the body and gave himself up to Croesus.”

Plato’s Euthydemus 285c: “Have you heard how Themistocles had his son Cleophanes taught to be a good horseman.”

Ploto’s Philebus 16c: “The ancients handed down the tradition that all the things which ever said to exist are sprung from one.”

Old Testament: This term means to give (be given), to cause, to put, to place, to produce, to allow, to appoint, to pay, to buy, and to hang. The more nuanced meanings are to marry (to be taken in marriage), to slander (to take abuse), to have sexual relations (to take someone), to take advantage, to avenge, to sit (take a seat), to give retribution, and to be stubborn (turn the back).

New Testament: This term, used quite extensively, means to hand over (be arrested, punished and crucified), to betray, to entrust, to bring forth, to abandon, and to be devoted to. There are many examples where Jesus is handed over by the authorities. I will then deliver and hand over my focus on the other meanings and uses of this term.

To betray:

Mt.24:10: Many will betray one another

Mt.26:46: My betrayer (Judas) was at hand

To entrust:

Mt.25:14: Servants entrusted with talents

Mt.11:27: All things have been over to Me by the Father

Lk.1:1-2: A testimony handed down to us

Lk. 4:6: Earthly power that has been handed to the devil

Acts 6:14: The customs that Moses handed down to us

Jud.1:3: The faith that was handed down to the holy ones

To bring forth:

1Tim.1:11: The glorious gospel which I have been entrusted

Tit.1:3: Which I was entrusted by the command of God

Mk.4:29: When the seed grain is ripe (brought forth)

To abandon:

Rom.1:24: God handed them over to impurity

Eph.4:19: They have handed themselves over to licentiousness

Etymology: The Greek verb paradidomi means to give (didomai) beside (para-). The Latin verb tradere means to hand over, surrender, or deliver. The Latin verb aperire means to open, to disclose, or to reveal. The Latin verb producere means to bring out, to promote, and to induce.

Traditores: The Traditores refer to those bishops and Christians who willingly turned over their scriptures and betrayed their fellow Christians to the Roman authorities under the threat of persecution. The Lapsi were apostates who renounced their faith under persecution by the Roman authorities. This term refers to those who have lapsed or fallen away from their faith, only to return to it later.

Conclusion:

Trade, treason, traitor, tradition, remit, aperture, produce, bring discover, lapse

Again, these Greek quotes can be applicable in any time period.

In the Old Testament, it was interesting to discover the more nuance meanings of this term.

In the New Testament, this term also has various nuanced meanings. Delivering the decrees means observing the customs. Jesus handing Himself over the Spirit means dying on the cross. In some situations, handing over (delivering) to Satan comes from the authority of Paul or Jesus.

Traditores essentially handed over the bibles to the authorities for fear of persecution. These people betrayed their own faith.

Update: Many have been pleading for the social media tech firms (“technology gods”) to continue to exert their authority of censorship (content moderation).

Anticipating the Supreme Court ruling, many have taken it upon themselves to riot, to threaten conservative justices, and to target pro-life facilities.

These protesters are betraying any notion of decency and decorum by targeting these justices. (They just don’t care what others think!)

One has to hand it to the conservative justices for making their decision based on legal principles rather than on public opinion.

The issue of abortion will now be handed over the authority of the states.

Politics, government, and diplomacy continue to be conducted through the use of correspondence and intermediaries.

At least the West and allied nations are handing over defensive weapons (assets) to Ukraine in their war against Russia.

We are now faced with what should or shouldn’t be talked about (CRT and sex/gender) in the schools.

Some teachers have been fired (or have handed in their resignation) because they had talked about their sexuality to their kids.

We are now constantly being handed down from authorities the “tradition” of the “big lie” of voter fraud. (Then why do these voter irregularities (circumstances) repeatedly continue to be discovered upon further examination?)

This past Mother’s Day reminds us that were were all at once entrusted to our mother’s keeping. Those aborted will never have the opportunity to experience this blessing.

Handing it over to God:

“You will never be happy if your happiness depends on getting soley what you want. Change the focus. Get a new center. Will what God wills, and your joy no man shall take from you.”  Venerable Fulton J. Sheen

Throughout history, there has always been a continuing tradition of wars and battlefields where land, power, ideas, and values are fought over with. Both sides can often trip or fall down when encountering stumbling blocks, snares, and traps. We also live in a cancel culture where one is easily offended (taken offense). Circumstances can sometimes force one to be rightly scandalized where values are often betrayed, surrendered, or turned upside down (living in a post-modern Christian world that has been handed down to us).

Next post: Offending and being offended

[Greek] φόβος (phobos), [Latin] timere, [French] intimider, [Latin] metus: fear, terror, reverence, occasion of fear, panic; 47 scriptural references

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means panic, flight, fear, terror, dread, doubt, and reverence.

Herodotus’ The Histories 7.10: “The rest of the Persians held their peace, not daring to utter any opinion contrary to what had been put forward.”

Plato’s Sophist 268a: “These imitators are simple-minded and think they know the things they opine, but others strongly suspect and fear that they are ignorant of things which they profess.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus 730: “Gentlemen, I see from your eyes that a sudden fear has troubled you at my coming.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 6.112: “For up until then just hearing the name of the Medes caused the Hellenes to panic.”

Homer’s Iliad 8.149: “Tydeus son was driven in flight.”

Xenophon’s Cyropaedia 3.1.25: “For he is in dread not only for himself, but also for me, for his wife, and all for his children.”

Plato’s Symposium 193a: “Wherefore we ought all to exhort our neighbor to a pious observance of the god, in order that we may escape harm.”

Sophocles’ Philoctetes 1251: “With justice on my side, I do not tremble at the terrors you name.”

Xenophon’s Anabasis 7.4.1: “Seuthes had burned up the villages completely in order that he might inspire the rest of the enemies with fear.”

Old Testament: This term means fear, respect, terror, quaking, horror, reverence, dismay, awe, ruthlessness, and idolatry (illicit worship). Fear plays an important role in the consciousness of the Israelites. One finds freedom from fear as a result of confidently returning to God who protects one from fear. God-fearing denotes those whose conduct is oriented to God’s will. The expression “Fear not!” is a common Old Testament phrase of reassurance and assistance in everyday life.

New Testament: This term means fear, reverence (awe), and fright. Fear of God cannot be separated from faith. Fear of the unknown becomes a prevailing theme. Frequently there comes a summons not to fear. Fear oftentimes gives way to a proclamation of faith. Fear can become an impetus (motivating factor) for faith. Fear and trembling bring out a radical and total dependence on God. I am afraid I cannot list all scriptures for the Greek noun phobos (47 examples) and the Greek verb phobeomai (110 examples). Fear not, I will select only a few scriptures. ☺

Rom.13:7: Caesar (the world) is not entitled to obedience when it nullifies obedience to God.

Eph.5:21: Wives and husbands each have a sub-mission (individual task) to honor each other. This marriage relationship should mirror the relationship between Jesus and His Bride (the Church). Jesus humbly serves His Church.

Mk.4:41: Jesus’ calming the storm was seen for the Christians as a sign of His saving presence amid persecutions.

Lk.8:37: The Gentiles swine-herders were also fearful of losing their livelihood (losing more swine) if Jesus were to send more demons into their animals.

Php.2:12: Working out one’s salvation in fear and trembling was an Old Testament awe and seriousness in the service of God.

Heb.2:15: Fear of death was a religious fear based on the false assumption that death marks the end of one’s relationship with God.

Etymology: The Latin verb submittere means to place oneself under the control of another. The Latin verb timere means to fear or be afraid. The Latin verb exterrrere means to strike with terror, to scare, and to frighten one out (ex-) out of one’s wits. The Latin noun metus means fear, dread, and religious awe. Meticulous, originally meaning fearfulness and timidity, now means fussy, over-carefulness, and scrupulousness.

Conclusion:

Timid, timidity, terror, terrified, intimidate, meticulous

In Greek Hellenism, poets and playwrights often spoke of the human condition (emotions) in their plays and dramas.

The Old Testament introduces the motivating influence of fear in one’s relationship with God.

Each one of us is constantly faced with the challenges of how we should show respect to God’s authority and/or earthly authority. (All of us are still called to respect govt. authorities).

The husband and wife each have the sub-mission (individual specific mission) to serve each other and to allow the other person to serve them. This frequently involves humbleness (putting oneself under).

Update: It is heartbreaking to see those many Ukrainians fleeing their country.

President Biden, fearful of offending his base, just again “knee-capped” the oil and gas industry by canceling leases in Alaska and the Gulf of Mexico.

Many suspect and fear that this Supreme Court decision will remove the woman’s right to abortion. (Rather, this decision gives this authority to the states).

Slovakia and Hungary have publicly refused to hold their peace in not agreeing to participate with energy sanctions against Russia.

Many in the Clinton campaign are becoming suddenly fearful about John Durham’s continuing investigations.

Any mention of Hunter Biden’s name oftentimes causes panic for the Bidens and the Democratic party.

Many Americans strongly suspect and fear that the mainstream media, who live in their own political bubble, cannot understand or relate to them.

Many who have bowed in pious observance of suppression and content moderation, are now fearful of losing these “gods”.

It is very unfortunate that there does not seem to be a strong Western deterrent strategy to inspire fear in Putin’s eyes. As a result, this war continues.

Finland is fearlessly seeking to join NATO.

Paraskevidekatriaphobia: fear of Friday the 13th ☺☺☺

In these political and cultural wars, fears and concerns oftentimes come to the forefront. These war of words (and weapons) transmitted back and forth essentially have been handed down since the beginning of time. These struggles can range from devotion, deliverance, to betrayal. In some situations, one has to hand it to those who do not abandon their principles. And yet there are also those whose have no qualms in handing over and surrendering decency and decorum to so they can bring forth their objectives at any cost when panic arises.

Next post: handing over and bringing forth

[Greek] κατηγορέω (katēgoreō), [Latin] accusare, [French] incriminer: to accuse, to charge, to be an accuser, to object, to prosecute, to speak in the assembly; 24 scriptural references

Background information:

Etymology: The agora was the central public gathering place or assembly. The related Greek verb agoreuo means to speak in the public assembly. The Greek verb kategoreo means to accuse against (kata-) someone in the public assembly. The Greek noun kategoros is the accuser (prosecutor). The Greek noun kategoria means accusation. In a sense, the one accused is often categorized or labeled by that accusation. (Crime ==> criminal).

Sycophant: This term literally means “fig revealer.” Folklore suggests that sycophants would shake the trees to reveal the figs (sykos). Private litigants were often employed to make up questionable or false prosecutions and accusations. Sometimes fig farmers would try to avoid paying taxes when buying or selling figs. Fig farmers would often hire informants (fig revealers) to spy on their competitors. Unscrupulous sycophants would often extort or falsely accuse competitors for personal or financial gain.

Greek Hellenism: This term means to accuse, to be an accuser, to betray, to make known, to speak against (before judges), and to inform.

Plato’s Euthyphro 2c: “What sort of indictment has been brought against you?”

Demosthenes’ Against Midias 21.134: “But if you did not do it and it was a fabrication, it only shows that such that from your general manner of life they thought that such a story exactly fitted you.”

Demosthenes’ On the Crown 18.266: “You have already the reputation of an informer. And the question for you is whether you are still to continue in that trade.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus 514: “Fellow citizens, having learned that Oedipus the king lays dire charges against me, I have come in indignation.”

Plato’s Apology 18a: “Then it is right for me to defend myself against the false accusations brought against me.”

Xenophon’s Cyropaedia 1.4.3: His talkativeness disclosed not impertinence, but naivety, education, curiosity, and an affectionate disposition.”

Sophocles’ Ajax 907: “But by whose hand can the ill-fated man have contrived this end? He did it with his own hand; it is obvious.”

Old Testament: The devil is known as the accuser of sinful man before God. It is also interesting to note that the Greek noun diabalos means one who accuses or casts through. The Greek verb diaballo means to slander, to throw across, and to accuse. Zechariah’s vision shows the adversary accusing Joshua (Zech 3:1). The devil is roaming the earth and patrolling it (Job 2:3). A satan rose up against Israel (1Chr.21:1).

New Testament: This term means to accuse, to be accused, to bring charges against, and to trap (catch). The Jews repeatedly tried to trap Jesus regarding healing on the Sabbath, adultery, and His statements. The Jews brought several charges, ultimately leading to His arrest, crucifixion, and death. The Roman commander brought Paul before Sanhedrin. Paul, as a Roman citizen, makes his appeal to Caesar. Jesus states that Moses is the one who will accuse the Jewish non-believers. Paul claims that God made it possible for the Gentiles to instinctively know the difference between right and wrong. Their conscience bears witness and conflicting thoughts accuse them.

Scripture:

“They said this to test Him, so that they could have some charges to bring against Him. Jesus bent down and began to write on the ground with His finger.” Jn.8:6

The Jews brought forth an adulterous woman before Jesus. The law required that this woman be stoned. They wanted to know what Jesus would say about this. Jesus pointed out that the sinless person would be able to throw the stones. All the Jews left.

“They show that the demands of the law are written in the hearts, while their conscience also bears witness and their conflicting thoughts accuse or defend them.” Rom.2:15

The Gentiles were not be to held to the same standard concerning the law. God made it possible for the Gentiles to know the difference between right and wrong in their hearts.

“The next day, wishing to determine the truth about why Paul was being accused by the Jews, the Roman commander freed him and ordered the chief priest and the whole Sanhedrin to convene, they he brought Paul down and made him stand before them. Acts 22:30

The commander was alarmed that Paul was a Roman citizen and held bond. As a Roman citizen, Paul was entitled to face his accusers and to respond the accusation made against him. The commander then brought Paul before the Sanhedrin.

Conclusion:

Accuse, accusation, incriminate, criminal, incrimination, sycophant, category, categorical, agora, diabolical

I can categorically say that this is a very interesting term. It was interesting to discover the nuanced meanings of this term which is still applicable to today. It seems corruption in govt. has become a time “honored” tradition throughout history, with indictments, fabrications (lies), informants, sycophants (yes- men and yes-women), public indignation, and betrayal.

And now you know why informants are sometimes called “shake-down” artists or extortionists.

In the Old Testament, the devil is an accuser, adversary, and principality ruler.

In the New Testament, the Pharisees and priests were also trying to entrap Jesus about healing on the Sabbath. Jesus repeatedly denounced the Pharisees and law scholars. This in turn further impels them to try to entrap (catch) Jesus about what He might say.

As a Roman citizen, Paul was entitled to certain rights like facing his accusers, being able to respond to charges, and the “honor” of being killed by decapitation.

Update: We are now currently living in a political age where indictments can be made possible by both fabricated evidence and actual evidence. (This essentially becomes an indictment on our current political system).

We are now living in an age where pro-life advocates must be called “anti-abortion” advocates. Calling them “pro-life” is just not acceptable.

Caveat accusator (Let the accuser beware): Calling Catholics and Christians hateful (when they get their beliefs and values from God). You are then calling God hateful!

Over the years the mainstream media have disavowed their claim of being impartial and unbiased. They continue to remain biased.

More and more news organizations (and journalists) are now being sued for defamation of character for making inflammatory statements on individuals.

The FBI continue to show their questionable behavior (of informants) in their investigations and sting operations.

It remains to be seen what will be the potential consequences and findings of Hunter Biden’s actions through his own hands. It is obvious that these investigations are only just getting started.

It can be categorically said that many of us live in fearful times involving inflation, war, supply chain issues, and social and political wars. Many are afraid that their revered notions of censorship and content moderation are crumbling. Yet others fear about what has become of their rights and liberties. It is often hard to find someone who doesn’t give a fig as to what is happening. Many are alarmed about might happen as a result of our next election in the US. The West must not have any apprehension in fully coming to the support of Ukraine. Yet sometimes we become terrified of the accusations and labels that people throw our way in the court of public opinion.

Next post: fear and trembling

[Greek] ἀνατρέπω (anatrepō), [Latin] subvertere: to overturn, to destroy, to overthrow, to subvert, to ruin; Jn.2:15, 2Tim.2:18, Tit.1:11

What a perfectly subversive statement to make to become a saint in this modern “post-Christian” world!

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to seize, to overthrow, to upset, to ruin, to refute, to be upset, and to divert.

Sophocles’ Trachinae 1009: “You have wakened the pain that was quiet. Now it has seized me.”

Demosthenes’ On the Crown 18.296: “They have overthrown forever that freedom and independence which to the Greeks of an earlier age were the very standard and canon of prosperity.”

Aeschine’ Against Timarchus 1.190: “Many men of this sort have overthrown cities. That the impulse to do wrong is from the wickedness of mean.”

Herodotus’ the Histories 1.32: “For the god promises fortune to many people and then utterly ruins them.”

Aristophanes’ Wasps 671: “Pay tribute to me, they say, or I shall loose the lightning on your town and destroy it.”

Tropaeum Traiani: This monument was built in 109 AD to commemorate Roman Emperor Trajan’s victory (turning point) over the Dacians.

Old Testament: This term means to increase, to push down to thrust, to drive away, to depose, to extend, to bind, to loose, and to be broken.

New Testament: This term means to overturn, to destroy, to ruin, and to upset. Paul warns of self-seeking false teachers who are distorting the faith of some. It is imperative to silence rebels, idle talkers, and deceiver who are upsetting whole families by teaching for sordid gain. Jesus drove out the money-changers and overturned their tables. They were turning the temple into a marketplace.

Scripture:

“He made a whip out of cords and drove them all out of the temple area, with the sheep and oxen, and spilled the coins of the money-changers and overturned their tables.” Jn.2:15

The money-changers engaged in commerce in the outer court of the temple where Gentiles gathered. They were turning this worship space into a marketplace.

“It is imperative to silence them, as they are upsetting whole families by teaching for sordid gain what they should not.” Tit.1:11

Rebels, idle talkers, and deceivers were upsetting families by distorting the faith.

Etymology: The Greek verb means to turn (-trepo) up (ana-). The Latin verb subvertere means to turn upside down, to overturn, or to overthrow. The past participle of the Latin verb subvertere is subversive. The Latin noun trophaeum is a sign of victory (monument) of a turning point (victory) of a battle. This leads to the present-day word trophy. A trope is a figure of speech that has turned away from its ordinary sense.

Conclusion:

Subvert, subversive, trophy, trope

This this term conveys one aspect of turning. In Greek Hellenism, this term takes on some more nuanced meanings: being upset, refuting, diverting, ruining, and exacerbating.

This term, occurring only three times, really does not turn up too much in the New Testament. False teachers and deceivers were upsetting families by distorting the faith.

It is speculated that about one million Jews traveled to Jerusalem for the Passover. It was necessary for merchants to sell sheep, oxen, and other supplies to the visitors for their preparations for the Passover. Jesus didn’t overthrow the money-changers tables not because of their cheating. Jesus did this because the money-changers took up space in the Gentile’s outer court, preventing the them from worshipping. The Gentiles’ outer court was to be the starting point for the universal Church consisting of Gentiles.

Update: It appears that the Supreme Court will overturn Roe vs. Wade, turning over the issue of abortion to the states.

We now have rabid protesters targeting Supreme Court justices and protesting at their homes.

We now have rabid protesters blocking and upsetting families at Mother’s Day services at churches.

We now live in a time where many believe that what lives in the womb is a choice rather than a child. (We need to pray for them so they may overturn their convictions.)

We now live in a time where it is called “extreme” to fight for the unborn. (Yet this movement has existed since the beginning of the Church.)

The war in Ukraine has exacerbated the effects of inflation for the consumer.

Censorship and content moderation has recently overthrown the traditional notion of freedom of speech.

The recent “mostly peaceful’ destruction and looting of towns and cities have come from the wickedness of woke activists. Yet the MAGA crowd is called “extreme”.

Parents are now getting upset by self-seeking woke companies and activists who talk about sex, gender, and CRT.

Florida has just overturned Disney’s favored tax status for advocating it’s woke social agenda.

Elon is seeking to overturn Twitter’s censorship and content moderation agenda.

The NCAA, fearful of offending the transgender community, allows transgender women to compete in and which will inevitably ruin women’s sports.

However, understanding man’s biology (muscle mass) and public outcry will eventually overturn the NCAA’s actions.

Sorry– I do not have any participation trophies to hand out to you. ☺☺

As it turns out, we are living in very unsettling times. People both accuse and are being accused. With placing labels on others, this practice can be very harmful to others. Yet this often happens in the marketplace or court of public opinion. Often what is said cannot be held bound as truth. Some who seek tolerance yet become intolerant to others. Our culture is oftentimes cursed when even when decency and codes of conduct are being overturned. Yet we can swear that God still remains faithful to us.

Next post: categorically speaking

[Greek] μωραίνω (mōrainō), [Latin] evancescere, [French] disparaitre, [Latin] stultus: to become foolish (moronic), to become tasteless, to become insipid, to make foolish; Mt.5:13, Mt.5:22, Rom.1:22, 1Cor.1:20

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to be foolish (absurd), to be deficient (dull), to play the fool, to indulge, and to be silly.

Medicine: Slackness, fatigue, and dullness of nerves

Animals: Panicked (stupefied) animals, and hibernating animals

Man: Mental and physical deficiency, folly, foolish judgment, impulsiveness, arrogance, desire for power, lack of understanding, thoughts, words, and acts

Sophocles’ Ajax 594: “You have foolish hope, I think.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus 433: “I did not know you would speak foolishly.”

Sophocles; Electra 889: “Now, for the gods’ love, listen, so that you may know.”

Aristophanes Ecclesiazusae 474: “It’s and old saying that our absurdist and maddest decrees always somehow turn out for our good.”

Euripides’s Medea 615: “You would be a fool, woman, not to accept this offer, woman.”

Demosthenes’s Philippic 3 9.54: “As all heaven is my witness, you have reached such a height of folly or madness—I know not what to call it.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus 540: Is your attempt foolish to seek the throne without followers and friends?”

Sophocles’ Antigone 469: “If my actions actions are foolish in your sight, it may be that it is a fool who accuses me of folly.”

Old Testament: Folly is seen as having a lack (intentional or unintentional) of knowledge of God. This is seen as having eyes that do not see or ears that do not hear. This folly can be sometimes condemned as apostasy from God. Evil and corrupt leaders/rulers are often perceived as fools. Devotion to idols is seen as foolish. Warning against fools is a rule of life which runs through the wisdom of Sirach.

New Testament: This term means to become foolish, to lose taste, and to be nonsensical. Salt becomes a metaphor (simile) for the usefulness (or uselessness) of a disciple. A disciple who fails in good works is useless as flavorless salt. An ineffective disciple is also like tasteless salt. Idolaters and false teachers, claiming to be wise, become fools in the sight of God. God makes the wisdom of the world look foolish. Wise persons, scribes, and philosophers are made fools.

Scripture:

“You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its taste, with what can it be seasoned? It is no longer good for anything but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot.” Mt.5:13

This salt’s flavor is the disciples’ desire and enthusiasm to spread the Gospel. The disciple who wavers in his faith loses his value (“saltiness”). Jesus was telling His disciple to be “salty”.

“While claiming to be wise, they became fools.” Rom.1:22

Idolaters, false teachers, and philosophers, claiming to have their own wisdom, are made foolish.

“Where is the wise one? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made the wisdom of the world foolish?” 1Cor.1:20

The wise men, scribes, philosophers all appear vain and contemptible. They fail to see God’s plan for salvation.

Salt: Salt, used in a variety of ways, is an important trading commodity. Salt is used in preserving foods, enhancing food flavor, and cleaning wounds. Even useless and tainted salt still has some useful value in plugging roof leaks and absorbing moisture. This useless salt was also thrown on the roads in the Roman Empire.

Etymology: The Latin adjective stultus means foolish or stupid. The related Latin verb stultificare means to allege to be of unsound mind. The French verb disparaitre means to disappear. The Latin verb evanescere means to vanish or pass away. The Latin sal means salt. Soldiers were paid for their services (salarium) in the form of salt. The Romans also developed the tradition of dipping romaine lettuce (salata) in salt. This later becomes salad.

Conclusion,

Salt, salad, salary, disappear, disappearance, vanish, stultify, stultification, moron, moronic, moratorium, evanesce, evanesence

Again, foolishness is another time ‘honored’ human character trait which appears again and again throughout history. It is perhaps not surprising that arrogance and pursuit of power are examples of foolishness and folly.

In the Old Testament, foolishness can take on a much more serious sense impacting one’s relationship with God. This foolishness can be intentional or unintentional

A “salty” disciple (Christian) is an effective disciple (Christian). One could perhaps say also that a “seasoned” Christian is one experienced doing this. Luke also says tasteless salt must be thrown out. Essentially, disciples “worth their salt” are the ones who are effective in spreading the Gospel. The world’s wisdom is foolish compared to God.

Who would have thought that foolishness and vanishing could be related? This makes sense when knowledge, mental faculties, common sense, and wisdom disappear.

Solomon offers some very wise advice about foolishness.

Update: Where to begin? There is so much I could say!

The BLM and woke crowd foolishly believed defunding the police and zero-bail would reduce crime. Now there is more crime and fewer police.

I can imagine many Ukrainians are thinking; ‘Listen. For the love of God, please do more to help us!’

The creator of Libs of TikTok is now being attacked for just illustrating the liberals who “proudly” talk about themselves on TikTok. (As it turns out, the joke is on those who are upset or even embarrassed about what is being illustrated on TikTok).

It is often very true that it sometimes it takes one fool to know and recognize another fool. (It takes one to know one!)

Elon Musk was not a fool in accepting Twitter management’s previous offer to sit on their board. It is now Elon Musk who is making a lot of people look foolish.

It is no longer to foolish to believe there couldn’t possibly be a “Ministry of Truth” in the United States. Not so anymore. The Dept. of Homeland Security is now creating a “Disinformation Governance Board” dedicated to countering “misinformation” (China and the other authoritarian regimes must be proud!). 

Many of us have witnessed such great heights of incompetence, foolish, and weakness with this administration.

Many of us are unfortunately seeing the stultification (declining of mental faculties) of our president before our very eyes.

This administration continues to foolishly abdicate its responsibility for securing the southern border.

This “Disinformation Governance Board will be run by Nina Jankowicz, the ‘Mary Poppins of disinformation’ which is something quite atrocious!

And I hope your day is supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!

As we have seen, what is considered foolish (or wise) is sometimes up-ended in scripture. It turns up that what we think is wise is actually foolish to God. At times others may get upset when we point out their absurdity. There are times when one needs to overthrow the status quo to make one’s point. Sometimes one must even subvert conventional wisdom to bring about needed change in the cultural wars. I hope this post is worth its weight in salt.

Next post: Overturning and upsetting

[Greek] σκοπέω (skopeō), [Latin] videre, [French] voir, [German] sehen, [Latin] observare, [Latin] contemplare, [Latin] considerare, [French] examiner: to view closely, to examine, to fix one’s eyes upon, to observe, to contemplate, to consider, to pay attention; Rom.16:17, Php.3:17, Gal.6:1, Php.2:4, Lk.11:35, 2Cor.4:18

Seeing the bigger picture

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to scan, to be on guard, to contemplate, to spy out, to look, to inspect, to examine, to visit, and to look into.

Seneca: “These things (which most men seek after) are but objects of the imagination, and present a show of being but for a time. Let us give our minds to the things which are eternal.”

Aristophanes’ Peace 453: “But let us scan the mien (demeanor) of the spectators.”

Aristophanes’ Thesmophorizusae 580: “I come to tell you, so that you may watch carefully and be on your guard against the danger which threatens you.”

Sophocles’ Electra 1474: “She is near you, do not look elsewhere.”

Antiphon’s Third Tetralogy 4.28: “May God visit them with the punishment they deserve.”

Euripides’ Rhesus 6.3.14: “Do not leave the present need to look at distant schemes.”

Plato’s Protagoras 353a: “Why, Socrates, must we consider the mass of mankind.”

Plato’s Cratylus 440d: “I assure you, Socrates, that I have already considered the matter, and after toilsome consideration.”

Old Testament: This term used in a narrow sense of having a watchful eye. Whenever Moses went out to the tent of meeting, the people would rise and stand at the entrance of their own tents. Ezek.3:17 provides the ultimate existential purpose for the Old Testament prophet. The Lord has appointed Ezekiel as a watchman for the house of Israel. When Ezekiel hears a word from the Lord, Ezekiel shall warn them.

New Testament: This term means to take care (take heed), to watch out, to look (out), to consider, and to observe. Jesus tells us to make sure that the light inside us does not become dark. Paul warns us to watch out for those who create dissension and obstacles. We need to look for what is unseen (eternal things). We also must look at ourselves, so that we may not be tempted. Considering others should be more important than looking out for own interests. We also observe and imitate those who conduct themselves in the model given by Christ.

Scripture:

“I urge you, brothers, to watch out for those who create dissensions and obstacles, in opposition to the teaching you have learned, avoid them.” Rom.16:17

Paul urges the Christians to watch for and to avoid enemies, obstacles, and false teaching which obstruct their faith.

“Join with others in being imitators of me, brothers, and observe those who thus conduct themselves according to the mode you have in us.” Php.3:17

Paul urges the Philippians to follow his example in conducting themselves. Paul tells them to be aware of those who are enemies of the cross and are only concerned with earthly things.”

“For this momentary light affliction is producing for us an eternal weight of glory beyond all comparison, as we look not to what is seen but to what is unseen; for what is seen is transitory, but what is unseen is eternal.” 2Cor.4:17-18

Things that are seen are the circumstances and instances of present life (brief time). Things that are not seen are faith, immortality, eternal life, righteous, and righteousness (not subject to time).

Catholic perspective on affliction (suffering): The experience of life lived on earth is just a brief period of existence compared to the timeless of eternity. This affliction is light (transitory in time) in contrast to eternal weight (time duration) of glory (2Cor.4:17-18).

1Pet.2:19: Unjust suffering because of consciousness of God (through circumstances beyond one’s control) is a grace before God.

1Pet.2:20: When you suffer for doing what is good is a grace before God.

1Pet.20:21: If you are called to suffer, Christ gives you an example that you should follow in His footsteps. (You share with and join your suffering with Christ).

Catholic perspective on offering up one’s suffering for others: We can willingly and freely offer up our suffering and struggles for others. St. John Vianney comes to mind. Then there are times when we must suffer and struggle because of circumstances beyond our control (disease, war, etc.). Suffering can be redemptive and efficacious when we offer it for others. As a result, these actions can bestow purification and grace. God always meets sacrifice with grace. Jesus says, “Whoever wishes to come after me must deny himself, take up his cross and follow Me.” This is where Jesus is talking to those who are suffering. (This is not just theoretical). Circumstances have recently forced many to involuntarily take up their proverbial crosses of suffering, struggles, fleeing, persecution, and martyrdom.

St. John Vianney’s willing offer to suffer for his parish:

“My God, grant me the conversion of my parish; I am willing to suffer all my life whatsoever it may please thee to lay upon me. I am prepared to endure the sharpest pains, only let my people be converted.”

Conclusion:

Video, voyeur, see, observe, contemplate, contemplation, consider, consideration, examine, examination

I hope that I was able to give you a peek into the bigger picture in this post.

In these Greek quotes, we can see the timeless aspiration of human desires and actions. Seneca tells us not to look at the objects in the mirror but to look for eternal things.

In the Old Testament, the prophets were essentially watchmen and observers at God’s request.

Jesus tells us to look inside ourselves, making sure we have that have that “light on” in shining the light of the gospel.

Paul also reminds us to see to see the bigger picture in helping others, watching for obstacles and dissenters, and looking ahead to eternity.

Update: We need to look ahead to see that Putin is now concerned with controlling Eastern Ukraine.

Why doesn’t God punish Putin and the Russian forces?  Is there someone out there who could remove Putin from power? (Let’s be honest. Many of us are already thinking of this).

In the big eternal picture, political power is ultimately a fleeting, transitory, and temporary earthly institution.

We all can already see the determined Ukrainians seeking to defend their country at great cost.

The US and the West need to be on guard to watch for the potential of China’s ambitions for seeking control over Taiwan.

I do not think the mainstream media (social media) do not fully see (understand) the anger and push-back building up from parents.

The media, focusing on content moderation and suppression, continue to dismiss (fail to see) the people’s desire for freedom of speech.

One doesn’t need to look any further than the southern border to know that we have a national security problem.

Instead of being woke, many need to wake up and see the problems caused by woke policies.

As each of us closely look in that mirror, we often might find that objects, obstacles, conflicts, and struggles are closer than they appear. Like salt that has becomes useless, we sometimes cannot see to it to shine that light and look for eternity. It would be foolish to ignore the challenges and difficulties that lie ahead with Russia and China. Closer to home, woke policies and censorship (content moderation) are leaving a bad taste in many people’s mouths. Many of these policies have become utter nonsense, foolishness, and something quite atrocious.

Next post: to be foolish and nonsensical

[Greek] μανθάνω (manthanō, [Latin] discere, [Latin] cogitare, [German] lernen, [German] studieren, [French] apprendre: to learn, to “do the math”, to educate, to receive instruction, to be apprised, to increase one’s knowledge, to ascertain; 31 scripture passages

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to learn, to understand, to be accustomed to, to know, to notice, and to receive direction, to question, and to direct one’s attention.

Sophocles’ Ajax 667: “I shall, first, know to yield to the gods, learn to revere. They are rulers so we must submit.”

Plato’s Meno 88b: “Things learnt and coordinated with aid of some are profitable, but without some are harmful.”

Aristophanes’ Clouds 876: “And yet Hyperbolus learned this a cost of a talent.”

Xenophon’s Memorabilia 1.2.17: “But I find that all teachers show their disciples how they themselves practice what they teach, and lead them on by argument.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus 12: “We have come to learn as foreigners from the townsmen, and to bring to completion whatever we hear (from them).”

Aristophanes’ Plutus 19: “Aye, master, unless you tell me why we are following this unknown fellow, I will not be silent.”

Euripides’ Bacchae 1345: “You have learned it too late; you did not know it when you should have.”

Old Testament: This term essentially means to learn, to be trained, to teach, and to direct oneself to. The overriding sense of this term belongs in the cultic sphere. God is the object and goal of this term. Such objects include fear of God, the Law, scripture, wisdom, justice, and God’s will. Essentially, this term focuses on aspects of God and His will. The secular aspects of this term refer to learning a trade, getting information from something, and drawing knowledge from a book. The intellectual aspects of this term also focus on God.

The Wisdom of Ben Sira: Sirach comes from the Greek form of the author’s name. Ben Sira was a wise and experienced observer of life. This book Liber Ecclesiasticus (Church Book) addressed wisdom tradition, the law, the priesthood, divine worship, the individual, and the family. This book, written in the early 2^nd century B.C., provided maxims in integrating faith and family issues in various subject matters. The Wisdom of Ben Sira has been recognized by the Catholic Church as inspired and canonized. The notion of taking a yoke upon upon one’s neck and seeking rest comes from Sir.51:23-30.

“Come aside to me, you untutored, and take up lodging in the house of instruction; how long will you deprive yourself of wisdom’s food, and how long endure such bitter thirst? I open my mouth and speak of her: gain wisdom for yourselves at not cost. Take her yoke upon your neck; that your mind may receive her teaching. For she is close to those who seek her, and the one who is in earnest finds her. See for yourselves! I have labored only a little, but have found much.” Sir 51:23-27

What is this house of instruction? This is essentially a metaphor for Ben Sira’s teaching.

Who are those who come this house (school) of instruction? The naïve, untutored, and foolish people come here.

What are these students seeking? Wisdom (praise of the Lord).

Why is wisdom personified as female? Finding wisdom was like finding a wife. Like a wife, wisdom brings wealth, blessings, and righteousness.

What is a yoke? A yoke is a harness used by oxen and other animals to ease the work of hauling a load. A yoke also means a designation of servitude and carrying a burden of a task or mission.

What does “acquire a little instruction and you will win silver and gold though her” mean? With a little hard work, one may attain great blessings.

New Testament: This term means to be taught, to understand, and to come to realize. Jesus’ role is not to provide information, but to awaken commitment to Him. The disciples are perceived more as followers (acolytes) learning, hearing, understanding, and ascertaining. Learning may come from following correct teachings or falling astray. This term is also illustrated by Jesus’ divine authority. Jesus learns obedience from the Father.

Scripture:

“The Jews were amazed and said, ‘How does He know scripture without having studied’?” Jn.7:15

Ordinarily children were taught to read and write by means of the scriptures. The Jews were very unsettled in seeing that Jesus already had a deep knowledge of scripture. They were also wondering how could He teach like a rabbi. Rabbis were customarily trained by other rabbis.

“I urge you, brothers, to watch out for those who crate dissension and obstacles, in opposition to the teaching that you learned; avoid them.” Rom.16:7

Paul warns about self-seeking teachers. It would be a great loss if these teachers altered, diluted, or ruined the traditional doctrine and values.

“Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am meek and humble of heart; and you will find rest for yourselves.” Mt.11:29

Jesus invites the burdened to take the yoke of obedience and trust to His Word, under which they will provided rest. This indirectly alludes to Ben Sirah’s house of wisdom and teaching.

Etymology: The Greek noun mathetes means disciple, pupil, and learner. The Latin verb discere means to acquire knowledge. The Latin verb cogitare means to intend and consider. These terms are related to the Latin verb apprehendere which means to seize or grasp with the mind. The related Latin verb discipere means to comprehend (like a disciple).

Conclusion:

Discern, disciple, discipline, learn, study, apprehend, cogitate, cogitation, math

In Greek Hellenism, it goes without saying that intellectual pursuits were highly valued. Plato believed in a well-rounded education. The Greek enklyklio paedia literally means “training in a circle”. A biblical scholar once stated “The Greeks learned in order to comprehend, the Hebrews learned in order to adore.”

In the Old Testament, learning was primarily defined by the Rabbi (teacher)/disciple (student) relationship.

In the New Testament, the emphasis is on Jesus evoking commitment from the disciples. Matthew’s gospel is generally considered a teaching gospel. Hearing becomes an important first step in learning and understanding.

Jesus makes reference to taking another yoke of wisdom, instruction, and rest.

Jesus was trying to set an example for a bunch of uneducated and unprepared students. Jesus did some teaching, but His actions spoke volumes in His leading by example. Paul actually lectured in Tyrannus Hall.

Update: In a sense, many of us have become like “little pagans” bowing our necks down in “homage” to our electronic devices (gods) in seeking knowledge and guidance.

We continue to learn (uncover) more and more details of coordinated cover-ups and collusion efforts.

Many are terrified (to learn) that a billionaire may purchase a certain social media platform. 

Many liberal leaning social activist teachers are now ‘proudly’ being seen (Tik Tok videos) talking about sex and gender to their young impressionable students. Unfortunately, these teachers are teaching what they believe and practice.

We are constantly capturing the graphic imagery in Ukraine with journalists and cellphones.

Many of us continue to be followers (learners) in social media, both vocal and silent.

Some do not realize that they are often “late to the table” when it comes to crises and events. A certain US president comes to mind.

“Life is a math question. In order to gain the most, you have to know how to covert negatives into positives.” – Anonymous

Like students in the classroom, we continue to learn the lessons and facts of life. As events unfold, news uncovered, and scandals unveiled, peoples’ character and actions are often revealed. Such responses may range from apocalyptic proportions to a hint of a whisper. You do the math!

Next post: Revealing and making known

[Greek] ἐνδυναμόω (endynamoō), [Latin] convalescere, [Latin] confortare, [French] recouver, [French] prende des forces, [French] renforcer: to give strength, to be able, to be strong; Acts 9:22, Rom.4:20, Eph.6:10, Php.4:13, 1Tim.1:12, 2Tim.2:1, 2Tim.4:17, Heb.11:34

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to be able, to be endowed with power, to make strong, and to strengthen.

Plato: “Good actions can strengthen ourselves and inspire good actions to others.”

Aesop: “In union there is strength.”

Sophocles: “Truth is the strongest argument.”

Aeschylus: “In war truth is the first casualty.”

Plato: “The excessive increase of anything causes a reaction in the opposite direction.”

Sophocles: “In a just cause, the weak will beat the strong.”

Sophocles: “Success is dependent on effort.”

Homer: “Persuasion of a friend is a strong thing.”

Old Testament: This term means to clothe, to put on, to array, to arm, and to come upon. Gideon is preparing himself for battle, being clothed with the Holy Spirit for spiritual work. Surely this a pattern that all God’s servants should seek to imitate. And Gideon was clothed with the Spirit of the Lord and he blew the horn summoning Abiezer to follow him. (Jdgs.6:34). And the Lord God made garments of skin for Adam and his wife, and clothed them (Gen.3:21). And you shall put the holy garment son Aaron and anoint him and consecrate him (Exo.40:13). Then the Spirit covered Amasai like clothing (1Chr.12:18). I put on righteousness, and it clothed me (Job 29:14). Put on the coats of armor (Jer.46:4).

New Testament: This term means to grow stronger, to be empowered, to draw strength, to strengthen, to be strong, and to give strength. Saul, having been anointed by Ananias and filled with the Holy Spirit, grew all the stronger and confounded the Jews in Damascus. Abraham, empowered by faith, did not doubt God’s promise. Paul encourages others to draw strength from the Lord. Paul draws strength for everything from the Lord. Paul exhorts Timothy to be strong in the grace of the Lord. Paul states that the Lord gave him strength when he was abandoned by friends and imprisoned.

Scripture:

“But the Lord stood by me and gave me strength, so that through me the proclamation might be completed and all the Gentiles might hear it. And I was rescued by the lion’s mouth.” 2Tim.4:17

Paul was abandoned by his friends in Asia. Paul is a prisoner in Rome, aware of his impending fate. However, the Lord gave Paul courage and strength.

“I am grateful to Him who has strengthened me, Christ Jesus our Lord, because He considered me in trustworthy in appointing me to this ministry.” 1Tim.1:12

Paul shows his gratitude to Christ, especially since he was a rabid persecutor of the Christian communities.

“But Saul grew all the stronger and confounded the Jews who lived in Damascus, proving that He was the Messiah.” Acts 9:22

Saul was sent to Ananias who laid his hands on him. Saul was filled with the Holy Spirit. Saul’s sight was restored and the scales fell from his eyes.

Gideon Bible: The Gideon International is an Evangelical Christian association who encourages each other to do the work of the Lord, focusing on who they are before God, and strengthening the power of their personal testimony for the Lord Jesus Christ

Etymology: It is interesting to note that this term is related to the Greek verb enduo, meaning to cloth, to be clothed, and to put on oneself. From this term comes the modern words endue, endow, and endowment. The Latin verb confortare means to strengthen much. The Latin verb convalescere means to begin to grow strong.

We already have found our diamond (classical music): Many are now discovering and rediscovering the emotionally moving and captivating sounds of classical (and classicized music). Like a diamond, classical music has produced profoundly beautiful compositions which have stood the test of time, evoking emotion, inspiration, and surprising the imagination. Like a diamond, classical music can evoke (and heighten) one’s emotions with a laser-like focus. Who would have thought that Bridgerton could surprise and overwhelm us like a wrecking ball! ☺

Conclusion:

Dynamo, dynamic, convalesce, convalescent, recover, forces, comfort, reinforce

In this post, I am only going to be able to talk about being able, being strong, and being strengthened. These Greek quotes are powerful and timeless in speaking about human behavior. It was interesting to discover that Plato already understood about the psychological dynamic of “push-back”.

This term makes a powerful impression on Gideon who was enclosed with the Holy Spirit for spiritual battle. Gideon will provide later in the future the powerful inspiration for placing bibles far and wide. (Gideon Bibles)

After his convalescence and physical and spiritual blindness, Paul becomes energized in proclaiming Jesus as the Messiah. Yet Paul draws his strength from the Lord in his tireless efforts in proclaiming the gospel.

Paul calls others to put on the armor of God to be able to stand up against the forces of evil (like a soldier of Christ). Prior to his conversion, Saul was an energetic and rabid persecutor of the Christians. Even during his imprisonment and impending fate, the Lord gave strength to Paul to persevere.

At times God will equip us for the battle ahead.

Update: Nations are now working together to apply further sanctions against Russia.

This crisis has also in turn moved many others to provide needed spiritual and moral support to Ukraine.

Video images will provide the strongest truthful evidence of the devastation and atrocities in Ukraine.

The international community (countries) still must continue their effort to support Ukraine.

It is not surprising that parents have risen up in protest against social activists’ overreach in matters of sex and gender.

It seems that Disney will now pay a greater price with no admissions and cancelled subscriptions, resulting in boycotts.

As Aeschylus states, truth is often the first casualty in military battles. Russia feels empowered to flout credibility (and truth) for their reasons for retreating and atrocities. (Yet even they still are doing a terrible job at this! No one believes them.) We also must not forget that lies and misinformation are also often stationed and embedded in our own political and social battlefields.

Next post: lying and misinforming

[Greek] ἀγνοέω (agnoeō), [Latin] ignorare, [Latin] ignorantes, [Latin] ignoramus, [Latin] ignotus: to ignore, to not know, to be ignorant, to pay not attention to, to not recognize, to fail to understand; Mk.9:32, Lk.9:45, Acts 13:27, Acts 17:23, Rom.1:13, Rom.2:4, Rom.6:3, Rom.7:1, Rom.10:3, Rom.11:25, 1Cor.10:1, 1Cor.12:1, 1Cor.14:38, 2Cor.1:8, 2Cor.2:11, 2Cor.6:9, Gal.1:22, 1Thess.4:13, 1Tim.1:13, Heb.5:2, 2Pet.2:12

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to be mistaken, to fail to know, to not recognize, to disregard, to do nothing, to fail to understand, unknown, to go wrong, and to be ignorant.

Aeschylus’ Eumenides 134: “Do not ignore my misery.”

Polybius’ Histories 38.9.5: “The common people were ready to obey any order he gave, being incapable of taking thought for the future.”

Homer’s Odyssey 24.218: “I will see whether he will recognize me and know me by sight or whether he will fail to know me.”

Plato’s Phaedrus 22e: “I have forgotten myself.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 4.156: “They were ignorant of the cause of their misfortune.”

Plato’s Phaedrus 277d: “Ignorance of right or wrong and good and bad is in truth inevitably a disgrace.”

Polybius’ Histories 5.11.5: “It is the act of the tyrant to inflict injury, and so to maintain his power over unwilling subjects by terror.”

Plato’s Gorgias 517c: “For during all this time that we have been debating, we have never ceased circling around to the same point and misunderstanding each other.”

Old Testament: This term means to be ignorant, to not know, unknown, to be wrong, to be unsure, to trespass, and to be foolish. This term is often defined by one’s relationship with God. Not knowing may translate to ignorance, error, rejection, and disobedience of God.

New Testament: This term means not understanding (ignorant), not acknowledging (recognizing), unaware, and unknown. The disciples did not understand what Jesus meant when He said He will be handed over to men, will be killed, and will rise from the dead. The Jews failed to recognize that He would be condemned, fulfilling prophecy. Paul, appealing to the Athenians’ religiosity, mentioned that they worship an unknown God. Paul, previously known as the Pharasaic persecutor of Christians, is personally unknown by the Judean Christian churches. Paul frequently made efforts to make his congregation not be unaware of important issues.

Scripture:

“Pay attention to what I am telling you. The Son of Man is to be handed over to men. But they did not understand this saying; its meaning was hidden from them so that they should not understand it, and they were afraid to ask Him about this saying.” Lk.9:44-45

The disciples, in their ignorance, not only failed to understand Jesus’ statements, but failed to ask what He meant. The disciples were clearly clueless.”

“For as I walked around looking carefully at your shrines, I even discovered an altar inscribed, ‘To an Unknown God.’ What therefore, you unknowingly worship, I proclaim to you.” Acts 17:25

Paul appeals to the Greeks’ religiosity (belief in multiple gods). Paul recognizes that the Greeks also share the human desire to seek God. Paul mentions that this God does not need to be served by human hands.

“If anyone does not acknowledge this, he is not acknowledged.” 1Cor.14:38

This is a person who does not recognize Paul’s authority. Unable to recognize such a truth, this person is of no concern or matter to Paul. This person, not knowing such truth, is also not known (recognized) by God.

Etymology: The Latin verb form ignoramus means “we are ignorant” or “we do not know”. This originally conveyed the neutral idea of a lack of knowledge. Now this term is meant as an insult.

Conclusion:

Ignorance, ignore, ignoramus, agnostic

In Greek Hellenism, it was interesting to discover the nuanced meanings of this term. These meanings could be applicable in any point in history in terms of human behavior. References are made to our collective time-honored failures of being short-sited, misunderstanding each other, misunderstanding right from wrong, and misunderstanding what we stand for.

In the New Testament, the disciples are ‘perfect’ examples of what it means to lack understanding and to be clueless. Paul provides a very insightful observation about the pagan Greeks’ unknowing desire to know God. I really wasn’t aware of the many times Paul said to his readers; “I don’t want you to be unaware” ☺ The Corinthians were often unaware of their problems (abuses) they had.

Paul illustrates the Old Testament notion that ignorance of Paul’s authority can have consequences. This person is such of a mind that Paul cannot reach him. This person can no longer be Paul’s concern. God will also not know or recognize this person.

Update: Some willingly ignored and dismissed Hunter Biden’s laptop as Russian disinformation for political purposes.

These same people are now being criticized for failing to acknowledge Hunter Biden’s laptop as genuine.

We all must not ignore the human loss and misery in Ukraine.

The cultural wars often come from the ignorance, redefining, and clashing of values (of right or wrong).

The tyrant is one who willingly fails to know (or recognize) what is right and wrong.

We cannot ignore the fact that we must use existing and available resources to become energy independent.

Europe cannot ignore the fact that they cannot reliably depend on Russia for their energy needs.

We cannot ignore the fact that Russia’s govt. cannot be trusted in what they say and do.

We cannot ignore the fact that Russia may take over some cities in eastern Ukraine.

We cannot ignore the fact that talking about and setting up commissions will not stop the atrocities and genocide being committed by the Russians. (This is of great concern regarding human conscience and decency!)

As we learn more and more about the Ukraine war, we are seeing more destruction and devastation. There is an impetus for the need to make stronger sanctions against Russia. It cannot be ignored that nations are able to apply more sanctions (regarding trading status) on Russia. The claims and evidence of crimes against humanity unfortunately have grown all the more stronger in Ukraine.

Next post: making stronger and getting strength

[Greek] ὑποστέλλω (hypostellō), [Latin] subtrahere, [Latin] subterfugere, [German] heimlich, [French] secretement, [French] enlever: to withdraw, to draw back, to hesistate, to avoid; Acts 20:20,27, Gal.2:12, Heb.10:38

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: The term means to draw away, to retreat, to hold back, to avoid, to refrain, to shrink from, to hide, and to reduce.

Polybius’ Histories 11.21.2: “Many of the enemy’s horsemen at once took to flight at the startling appearance, and began to make off.”

Euripides’ Orestis 607: “Since you are so bold and suppress nothing nothing.”

Plutarch’s Aratus 47: “The Aetolians had taken shelter behind the Macedonian arms.”

Demosthenes’ Olynthiac 1.16: “I shall not consult my own safety by keeping back what I believe to be for your true interests.”

Plato’s Apology 24a: “There you have the truth, men of Athens, I speak without hiding anything from you.”

Polybius’ Histories 10.32.3: “They rose from their place of concealment.”

Old Testament: This term means to hide, to shrink from, to hold back to subject, to restrict, to prohibit, and to forbid. This term is applicable to the fearful sojourner (guest) in a foreign place. The same law shall apply to the native as to the stranger who resides among you (Exo.12:49). So Moab was in great fear because of the people (Num.22:3). I have restrained by feet from every evil way (Psa.119:101). I am shut up and cannot go out (Psa.88:8).

New Testament: This term means to shrink from, to avoid, to draw back, and to hesitate. Paul does not hold back in talking about the gospel (and plan of God) to the Ephesians. In Antioch Cephas (Peter) drew back from eating with the Gentiles and later sat with the Jewish Christians. Paul rebuked Cephas for failing to set an example (as a Jew) for the Gentiles. The believer who draws away from faithfulness will receive no pleasure from God.

Scripture:

“For I did not shrink from proclaiming to you the entire plan of God.” Acts 20:27

Paul does not hold anything back in presenting the gospel to the Ephesians. He reminds them of his dedication for Christ.

“For, until some people came from James [Jewish Christians], Peter used to eat with the Gentiles; but when they [Jewish Christians] came, Peter began to draw back and separated himself, because he was afraid of the circumcised.” Gal.2:12

Paul rebukes Peter for failing in table fellowship as a disciple. It was important that Paul chastise in a public way. Peter was failing in setting himself as a good example of a Jewish Christian for the Gentiles.

“But my just one shall live by faith, and if he draws back I take no pleasure in him.” Heb.10:38

Drawing back causes one to disbelieve, to lose faith, and to lose communion with God. God has no pleasure in this.

Etymology: The Latin verb subtrahere means to take away or to draw back. The Latin subtractus is the past participle of this verb. The Latin verb subterfugere means to evade, to escape, and flee by stealth. The German adjective heimlich means home, private or secret-like (heim-lich). By 1741 secreting involved placing someone (or something) in concealment. A secretary is one who has been entrusted with secrets and confidential matters. The French verb enlever mean to remove or leave out.

Conclusion:

Subtract, leave, subterfuge, secret, secrete, secretary

In Greek Hellenism, I was somewhat taken back – [sorry, couldn’t help myself] — by the more nuanced examples of this term: suppressing nothing and keeping (holding) back what one thinks or says.

In the Old Testament, I was also surprised by how this term succinctly conveys the notion of a fearful traveler (sojourner) who hides in fear in a foreign land.

It is important to note that this Greek verb hypostello (to draw back) is the opposite of the Greek verb apostello (to send away).

Paul provides with an exemplary example of an apostle and disciple who does not shrink from his responsibilities. On the other hand, Peter is more flawed, often needing correction and instruction.

It is also important to note that one needs endurance to do the will of God (Heb.10:36). Circumstances sometimes may keep us back or force us to hesitate. But we can always draw back to Heb.10:38 for inspiration and strength.

Update: The Russian govt. (and military forces) are at times having to back away from the strong Ukraine resistance.

President Zelensky has not been holding back with his pleas for help in their struggles against Russia.

We all have been in situations about whether or not to hide or keep anything back. Even sometimes we speak our mind.

It is no secret –[again sorry, couldn’t help myself]–that the Heimlich maneuver has nothing to do with this term. It just happens to be that this choking prevention method was developed by Dr. Henry Jay Heimlich. (I hope you are not choked up about this. Sorry for this lame maneuver)  ☺

In all our efforts to find, seek, know, and forget, there is no hiding and secreting the fact that we at times must face certain hard realities and situations. Yet sometimes we ignore the elephant (or laptop) in the room, the smoking gun or avoid the writing on the wall.

Next post: ignoring what’s in front of you

[Greek] ὁρίζω (horizō), [Latin] constituere, [Latin] definire, [Latin] definitus, [Latin] statuere, [Latin] praedestinatus, [French] limiter, [French] decider, [Latin] terminare: to mark off, to determine, to bound, to decide, to appoint, to divide, to decree; Lk.22:22, Acts 2:23, Acts 10:42, Acts 11:29, Acts 17:26,31, Rom.1:4, Heb.4:7

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to limit, to fix, to appoint, to mark out, to divide, to separate, to set (a limit), and to differentiate.

Plato’s Gorgias 470b: “Tell me where do you draw the line.”

Euripides’ Hecuba 801: “For by custom it is that we believe in them and set up boundaries of right and wrong for our lives.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 4.51: “The Tyras river flows at the boundary between the Scythian and Neurian countries.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 6.108: So the Plataeans had put themselves under the protection of the Athenians.”

Aeschylus’ Libation Bearers 927: “Yes, for my father’s fate has marked this destiny for you.”

Xenophon’s Memorabilia 4.6.4: Shall we therefore rightly define the pious man who know what is lawful concerning the gods?”

Plato’s Theatetus 190e: “And so anyone who sets out to define false opinion is freely exchanged opinion would be talking nonsense.”

Old Testament: This term is used in a much more limited sense in primarily defining the borders and occupation of Israel. This is what Moses gave to the tribes and their clans…in the Jordan valley: Beth-haram, Beth-nimrah, Succoth, Zaphon (Jos.13:24-27). The western boundary was the Great Sea and its coast (Jos.15:12). The Jordan bounded it on the east (Jos.18:20).

New Testament: This term means to determine, to appoint, to confirm, to set, and to fix. Jesus follows the plan destined for Him to redeem man. Jesus is delivered up by the set plan and knowledge of God. Jesus is the one appointed by God as judge of the living and the dead. The disciples determined that each, according to one’s ability, each should send relief to the brothers in Judea. God fixed the ordered seasons and the boundaries of their regions.

Scripture:

“So the disciples, determined that, according to ability, each should send relief to the brothers who lived in Judea.” Acts 11:29

Luke is stressing the importance of providing charity to those in need.

“This man, delivered up by the set plan and foreknowledge of God, you killed, using lawless men to crucify Him. Acts 2:23

Jesus follows the Father’s plan destined for Him to redeem man.

“He made from one the whole human race to dwell on the entire surface of the earth, and He fixed the ordered seasons and and the boundaries of their regions.” Acts 17:26

These boundaries involve the conditions of time where each human plays in the human drama. Boundaries include customs, laws, habits, and way of life.

Conclusion:

Definite, define, constitute, limit, predestination, statute, decide, termination, terminate, terminator, horizon, horizontal

In Greek Hellenism, it was interesting to discover the more nuanced meanings of this term. One cannot get more nuanced than “drawing the line” or experiencing a “defining moment” in one’s life.

Yet, in the Old Testament, this term is more strictly “defined” by geography and borders.

It is important to note that Luke was essentially writing to the downtrodden and outsiders. Not surprisingly Luke was concerned for those in need. Twelve out of twelve apostles recommend you help others according to your capability. Luke also takes an extremely wide “bird’s eye” view regarding the boundaries of human life.

Update: President Zelenskyy and others are constantly asking the West: “Where do you draw the line in really helping us?”

Putin and the Russians forces have now been accused of war crimes, going beyond the established norms (boundaries) of established warfare. It has been heartbreaking to see what is happening in Ukraine.

The Luhansk and Donetsk regions are between the boundaries of Ukraine and Russia.

Ukraine asks the West to establish a “no fly zone” and requests secured passageways for humanitarian assistance.

This war has forced millions of Ukraine to flee their country.

History will define this crisis as the naked and unprovoked aggression on Ukraine by Russia.

Those who seek to define and create fake information also are talking nonsense.

Biden’s political theater of the absurd and walk-back extravaganza: bound to make your head spin.

“Sanctions will deter”…then… “No one expected sanctions to prevent anything”…then… “Sanctions never deter.”

Will White House staffers now walk back Biden’s walk-back of the White House’s walk-back of Biden’s “Putin must go” remarks (which shouldn’t have been walked back in the first place)???

Social media platforms going beyond the definition of truth and opinion: bound to make your head explode

A person’s personal opinion or fact: may be now considered “offensive” or “hateful”

Hunter’s laptop: this is Russian disinformation (before the election)

Hunter’s laptop: this is not Russian disinformation (after the election)

As of the result of the dogged Ukrainian resistance, the Russian forces are rethinking their objectives of taking over all of Ukraine. In their attempts to “save face” from the Ukraine resistance, Putin and the Russian forces seem to be making a strategic retreat and withdraw back to Eastern Ukraine and the Lukhansk and Donetsk regions. I can only imagine Putin wants to redefine eastern Ukraine.

Next post: retreating and withdrawing

[Greek] πλεονεκτέω (pleonekteō), [Latin] circumvenire, [French] contourner, [German] verhinder: to have more, to take more, to over-reach, to take advantage, to exploit; 2Cor.2:11, 2Cor.7:2, 2Cor.12:17-18, 1Thess.4:6

Background information:

Greek Hellenism:  This term means to have more, to be greedy, to gain an advantage, to overreach, to defraud, and to excel.

Xenophon’s On Hunting 13.10: “Envy not those who either recklessly seek their advantage. The best of them is favorably judged and envied. The bad are unfavorably judged and fare badly.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 8.112: “It was for giving this answer and refusing to give what was asked of them that they were besieged.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 7.149: “They decided that the Spartans’ covetousness was past all bearing and that it was better to be ruled by the foreigners than give way to the Lacedaemonians”

Xenophon’s Hellenica 6.3.9: “But when you had seized the Cadmea, you did not permit even the Thebeans themselves to be independent.”

Plato’s Republic 344a: “And this tyranny, which by both stealth and by force takes away what belongs to others, not little by little but at one swoop.”

Old Testament: This term means to seek unlawful gain, to take advantage, to plunder, to be covetous, and to cut off. This term is never used in the honest gaining of a possession.

New Testament: This term means to take advantage, to exploit, and to get the better of. Paul states that the offending person must be forgiven, so that this person will not be driven to despair or recklessness, falling into the control of Satan. The Corinthians may have had some concerns about Paul. Paul did not engage in any improper activity. Paul rejects any notion of self-enrichment. Paul cautions against taking advantage or exploiting (lust and covetousness) pertaining to marriage.

Scripture:

“So that we might not be taken advantage of by Satan, for we are not unware of his purposes.” 2Cor.2:11

Paul cautions one to not let the offending person be driven to despair, being vulnerable to the devil’s influence. One must show forgiveness to that person.

“Not to take advantage of or exploit a brother in this matter, for the Lord is an avenger in all these things, as we told you before and solemnly affirmed.” 1Thess.4:6

Paul calls others to be chaste and not be covetous in matters relating to marriage.

Etymology: The Latin verb circumvenire essentially means to venire (come) around (circum-). The Latin past participle praeventus is related to the Latin verb praevenire, which means to come before, anticipate, and hinder. The German verb verhinder essentially means to prevent.

Conclusion:

Circumvent, prevent, turn, hinder, hindrance

God gives each of us free will. Each of us may take advantage of it and avail ourselves of this opportunity (for good or bad) in our own way.

It is perhaps not surprising that these Greek quotes are related to geopolitics. (I will get around later to show how they related to current events). ☺

In the Old Testament, it is interesting to note that this term only has a negative sense in terms of possessing or acquiring. This term does not apply to normal (appropriate) gaining.

Paul points out the need for forgiveness for the sake of the eternal soul of the offending person. The devil can exert his influence on vulnerable people in both active and subtle ways.

Update:  Social activists are upset and offended that parents should have the right to instruct their young children about sex and gender as they see fit. (How dare these parents have this right!)

Social media platforms taking upon themselves in determining whether or not someone’s facts or opinions are offensive and hateful. (I could go on and on with further examples but I don’t want to take advantage of your valuable time.) ☺

We now have several nations circumventing (or attempting to circumvent) sanctions (Iran, North Korea, Russia, etc.).

Putin is recklessly seeking advantage in his attempt to restore the former Russian/Soviet union.

President Zelenskyy is also seeking a dangerous but necessary path in leading his nation against the Russian forces.

Ukraine, rightfully refusing to accept Russian demands, was later invaded by the Russian forces.

Ukraine refuses to accept Russia’s claim to Crimea.

Russia invaded and occupied the former Soviet republic Georgia.

One of the challenges in understanding this war (and other news events) is what is being done, said and reported. Some of these actions go beyond the bounds of human decency, go beyond the definition of truth, and sometimes go so far, bordering on the absurd.  

Next post: defining and setting boundaries

[Greek] ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), [Latin] discedere, [Latin] recedere, [Latin] avertere, [French] partir, [French] reculer, [French] detourner: to depart, to cause to rebel, to abandon, to keep away from, to leave, to refrain, to withdraw; Lk.2:37, Lk.4:13, Lk.8:13, Lk.13:27, Acts 5:37-38, Acts 12:10, Acts 15:38, Acts 19:9, Acts 22:29, 2Cor.12:8, 1Tim.4:1, 1Tim.6:5, 2Tim.2:19, Heb.3:12

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to remove, to seduce, to win away, to resign, to fall away, to hinder, to dismiss, to frustrate, to stand aloof, and to shrink from doing.

Isocrates’ Evagoras 9.29: “Neither did he lose heart, nor did any of his companions see fit to shrink from these dangers.”

Xenophon’s Hellenica 7.5.23: “Epaminondas led his army on believing that he would destroy the entire army of his adversaries.”

Sophocles’ Philoctetes 865: “Quiet, I say, and do not abandon your wits!”

Homer’s Odyssey 23.101: “No other woman would harden her heart, and stand aloof from her husband.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 9.23: “They accordingly withdrew where they deliberated what they should do.”

Euripides’ Iphigenia in Tauris 912: “Let nothing hold me back, nor will it prevent me from speaking.”

Old Testament: This term, used extensively, means to turn aside, to remove, to drag off, to abolish, to depart, to reject, to forsake, and to cut off. This term pertains to rebellion, apostasy (political and religious), and cultic worship of the gods.

New Testament: This term means to depart, to rebel, to abandon, and to avoid. The prophetess Anna never left the temple, worshipping day and night. The devil departs from Jesus after tempting Him. Those seeds falling away are like those who lose their faith during difficulties. The master of the house will tell those remaining at the door to depart from him. Judas the Galilean protested the census by Quirinius. The soldiers, learning that Paul was a Roman citizen, wanted nothing to do with him. John, who was called Mark, deserted Paul and Barnabas. Paul withdrew and took his followers to the lecture hall of Tyrannus. Paul did not want his “thorn in his side” to leave him. The Spirit foretells that some will turn away from the faith. The Pharisee Gamaliel told others to let human inspired movements to collapse on their own.

Scripture:

“Those on rocky ground are the ones who, when they hear, receive the word with joy, but they have no root; they believe only for a time and fall away in a time of trial.” Lk.8:13

These seeds represent those whose faith does not last. Their faith will fall away during trials and difficulties.

“So now I tell you, have nothing to do with these men, and let them go. For if this endeavor or this activity is of human origin, it will destroy itself.” Acts 5:38

Gamaliel offers wisdom about human inspired movements that eventually fail. Likewise, God inspired movements will not perish.

“Then he will say to you, ‘I do no know where you are from. Depart from me, all you evildoers!’” Lk.13:27

Jesus states that one must strive to enter through the narrow door. However, many will try but will not be able to enter through this door. Those remaining will be told to depart.

Etymology: The Latin verb discedere means to depart or to leave. The Latin verb recedere means to recede or to retreat. A recluse is one who is shut up or withdrawn. The Latin verb avertere means to turn away or to withdraw

Conclusion:

Depart, part, recede, recluse, avert, aversion, detour, recession, departure

In Greek Hellenism, this term is used in both explicit ways (physical movement) and nuanced ways (standing aloof, shrinking from, preventing, frustrating, winning away (someone), and putting away). (Isocrates’ quote can speak to the Ukrainians’ fortitude and courage in their war).

In the Old Testament, this term is narrowly defined to political or religious apostasy.

During difficulties times, one may often loose faith and hope. On the other hand, difficulties may in fact draw one closer to God. “I need help, God!” (Many of us are already praying for the people of Ukraine).

The Pharisee Gamaliel offers timeless wisdom about human endeavors which end in disaster. (This brings to mind Russia’s folly in attacking Ukraine).

When the soldiers learned about Paul’s Roman citizenship, they were basically saying “I don’t want to deal with this!”

Update: The Ukrainians are bravely fighting for their country. Knowing what is at stake, the people of Ukraine do not shrink from these dangers. They are standing tall in the eyes of the world. Think of Ukraine when you listen to Brahms’ Sextet  No.10 in B flat 2^nd movement. (Even Sarek cried….Not logical.)

Next post: You know that resistance (to reading my next post) is futile. ☺

In the meantime, listen to a young violinist playing for her fellow Ukrainians who have retreated in a bomb shelter (How can you resist not listening to this beautiful music!) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=200gsMIjmpg

[Greek] ποίημα (poiēma), [Latin] factum, [Latin] factura: what is made, workmanship, creation, products, handiwork; Rom.1:20, Eph.2:10

Background information:

Ancient Greeks: This term means what is produced, work, deed, invention, poem, creation, and production. The ancient Greeks had no term corresponding to the creative process. On a philosophical level, this person brings something into existence that did not exist before. This making or doing applied to poetry. This is in contrast to art which already had existing rules and laws. The classical Greeks had not yet applied inspiration and imagination to the other arts. Plato disapproves of poetry because it was based on a falsehood (what appears to the poet). Rather, Plato believed that philosophy brings forth truth.

Plato’s Symposium 205b: “Poetry is more than a single thing, for of anything that passes from not being into being the whole cause is composing of poetry.”

Herodotus’s The Histories 4.5: “The Scythians say their nation is the youngest in the world, and that it came into being this way.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 1.25: “Among all the offerings at Delphi is the work of Glaucus the Chian, the only one who discovered how to weld iron.”

Plato’s Republic 5.473b: “We must try to discover and point out what it is that is badly managed in our cities, that prevents them from being so governed.”

Old Testament: This term, used extensively, means action, deed, work, labor, and creation. God is seen as a creator. Man’s actions pertain to work, achievements, deed, and practices.

New Testament: This term means what is made (God’s workmanship) and creation. The New Testament takes for granted that God is Creator. God’s invisible attributes of eternal power and divinity have been able to be understood and perceived. Man, in God’s image, becomes His greatest masterpiece. Christians who are raised up with Christ are God’s creations.

Etymology: The Greek noun poiema means thing made or created. The Greek noun poiesis is the process of making or doing. The Greek noun poietes is one who makes or does. The Greek verb poieo means to make or do. The Latin noun factum is an action or anything done. The Latin noun factura is a thing manufactured.

Scripture:

“Ever since the creation of the world, His invisible attributes of eternal power and divinity have been able to be understood and perceived in what He has made. As a result, they have no excuse.” Rom.1:20

God’s creation can be physically perceived and understood.

“For we are His handiwork, created in Christ Jesus for the good works that God has prepared in advance, that we should live in them.” Eph.2:10

Christians are God’s creations. Man and woman are made in God’s image.

The famous question from the Baltimore Catechism (1884): “Why did God make you?”

“To know Him, to love Him, and to serve Him in this world and to be happy with Him forever in the next.”

Conclusion,

Poem, poetic, poetry, factor, manufacture

It was quite interesting to discover that the ancient Greeks did not have a Greek word for “to create” or for “creator”. I think this helps to illustrate the unique character of poetry, different from other art forms. I was not surprised that the gods were perceived as having creative abilities and powers. It was interesting to discover that Plato had “a chip on his shoulder” regarding poets. (You can’t make this up!) ☺☺☺

In the Old Testament, God becomes the Lord of all Creation. Everything comes from Him.

“Sacraments are visible signs of an invisible grace” St. Augustine

Next post: knowing God through marriage (and good old ‘fashioned’ marriage advice!)

[Greek] θαυμάζω (thaumazō), [Latin] mirari, [Latin] timere, [Latin] stupere, [Latin] admirari: to admire, to wonder, to marvel, to amaze, to be surprised, to be astonished; 48 scriptural references

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to wonder, to marvel, to be amazed, to admire, and to be surprised. Miracles and unexpected phenomena (circumstances) evoke astonishment. Astonishment can become the starting point to philosophy. Then wonder ceases as the cause of the phenomena is discovered. On the stage, spectators are often astonished by the performer’s bombast, deceit, and flattery.

Lysias’ Against Simon 3.44: “I wonder most of all at this man’s temperament.”

Euripides’ Medea 268: “I am not surprised that you grieve at what has happened.”

Polybius’ Histories 4.82: “Phillip, marching by way of Tegea arrived at Argos, having gained in this campaign an admiration beyond his years.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus 289: “I have been wondering for sometime why he is not there.”

Xenophon’s Cyropaedia 5.2.12: “There are some of them who do not admire you one whit the more for the money you have.”

Euripides’ Alcestis 157: This, of course, the whole city knows, but what she did within the house you will be amazed to hear.”

Old Testament: The motif of amazement is a major recurring theme. This term can pertain to astonishment, moral values, religious values, God’s qualities, miracles, phenomena, and terrors. Admiration is bestowed on the martyrs in the books of Maccabees.

New Testament: This term means to be amazed, to be astounded, to be struck with awe, and to be surprised. In the Synoptic gospels, this term directly relates to miracles. In John’s gospel, this term pertains to the impact made by the works of Jesus. Astonishment can become the starting pointing to faith. Fear and terror are often evoked by one who is not yet a believer. It is interesting to note that surprise can actually further clarify the meaning of amazement. I will provide a few examples.

Lk.1:21: The people were amazed [surprised] that Zechariah remained in the sanctuary so long.

Lk.11:38: The Pharisee was amazed [surprised] that Jesus did not wash His hands.

Jn.7:15: The Jews were amazed [surprised] that Jesus already knew scripture.

Acts 4:13: The Sanhedrin were amazed [surprised] by the boldness of Peter and John.

Col.1:6: Paul was amazed [surprised] that his converts are deserting gospel of Christ.

Mk.15:44: Pilate was amazed [surprised] that Jesus was already dead.

1Jn.3:13: Do not be amazed [surprised] if the world hates you.

Conclusion:

Amaze, amazement, amazing, admire, timid, stupefy, admirable, stupendous, stupid

Yes, it is amazing how God brings people into our lives at the right time. Thank God!

Astonishment may become a starting point to both philosophy and faith.

It is perhaps not surprising –[sorry, couldn’t help myself]– that there are many scriptural references about amazement and astonishment in the New Testament. It seems amazement can cover a broad range of feelings, expressions, and moods.

I think 1Jn.3:13 succinctly says it all about what it means to be a Catholic (or Christian) living in a secular “post-Christian” world, where one’s values are being constantly attacked. No surprise here.

Again, these Greek quotes can aptly apply to the current crisis in Ukraine. Many of us are still completely astounded how could Putin invade Ukraine. The whole world is watching in admiration at how the President Zelenskyy is leading his citizens in Ukraine.

Update: Current events have now created quite surprising and astonishing circumstances:

Negotiating with Iran and Venezuela for oil????

Banning Russian oil/gas

Astronomically rising gasoline prices

More people believing energy security is national security

Boycotting Russian products

More people now favoring U.S. oil/gas exploration and production

The plight of the Ukrainians 

Next post: waxing poetic (about what is made and produced)

“To be, or not to be [energy independent]: that is the question;

Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous [gas prices]

Or take arms against a sea of [supply chain issues].

[Greek] ἀναθεωρέω (anatheōreō), [Latin] videre, [Latin] intueri, [German] sehen, [French] voir, [French] considerer, [French] contempler; to behold, to consider carefully, to look again, to examine; Acts 17:23, Heb.13:7

Consider this: What is this Mass to you? As a sacrifice or as a meal? The Traditional Mass presents itself as a sacrifice. It is The Novus Order Mass presents itself as a meal. Vatican II becomes the impetus for the Novus Order Mass. Pope Francis and his inner circle are seeking to remove the Traditional Latin Mass.

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to examine carefully.

Diodorus Siculus’ Library 12.15: “When the law for the protection of orphans was scrutinized more closely and examined with care, it indicates not only earnest study but also a high claim to regard.”

Plato’s Apology 28b: “You do not speak well, Sir, if you think it is necessary for a man to consider danger of life or death. Rather, he should only consider whether he is doing things that are just or unjust.”

Epimenides was a 6^th century seer, philosopher, and poet from Crete.

New Testament: This term means to look carefully, observe, and to reflect upon.

Scripture:

Acts 17:23: “For as I walked around looking carefully at your shrines, I even discovered and altar inscribed, ‘To an Unknown God.’ What therefore you unknowingly worship, I proclaim to you.” (Paul was appealing to Athenians’ pagan religiosity. Paul points out that this unknown God does not dwell in sanctuaries and does not need to be served by human hands.)

Heb.13:7: “Remember your leaders who spoke the word of God to you. Consider the outcome of their way of life and imitate their faith.” (The Jewish Christians are called to reflect on and imitate the heroic virtue of their spiritual leaders and teachers who were faithful even until death. The Jewish Christians must strive to follow their example. Even though these leaders have died, there is no cause for one to lose one’s faith.)

Reconsidering the Vatican II:

1. The Modernists at Vatican II naively believed that “we needed to bring fresh air into the Church” in order to “reform” and “renew” the Church.
2. As a result, liturgical confusion (chaos), declining vocations, poor catechesis, liturgical sacrilege, declining Mass attendance (church closings) occurred.
3. As a result, there is has been a continual and steady decline in Catholic faith and belief in the Real Presence (Eucharist).
4. The progressive introduction of the practice of receiving the Eucharist in the hands has also led to a decrease belief in the Real Presence.
5. Pope Paul VI stated that “the smoke of Satan” (liturgical confusion) has entered into the Church.
6. Modernists, blinded by their ideology, claim that the Novus Order Mass “revitalizes”??? when the reality suggests otherwise.
7. The Novus Order Mass has turned liturgical worship into a meal, rather than a sacrifice.

Reconsidering the Modernists’ agenda:

1. Modernists are seeking to shut down the thriving Traditional Latin Mass (TLM).
2. The TLM is not compatible with Church ecclesiology after Vatican II. Therefore, the TLM, “which impoverishes”??? must end.
3. Increasing interest in the TLM has become a threat (obstacle) to the Modernist agenda.
4. Modernists believe that without liturgical reform, there is no reform in the Church. Because “reform” means “renewal”.
5. Modernists believe more “reform” will improve the situation of the Church. When this “reform” does not work, they will “reform” again. ==>rinse and repeat.
6. Modernists are confounded as to why people are attracted to the TLM. Modernists are confounded as to why the younger generations of priests and seminarians are more conservative.
7. In order to “reform” the German Catholic Church, the German bishops believe that the Church needs to be more secular??
8. Pope Francis’ Synod of Synodality seeks to remake Jesus’ Church into a worldly and more democratic synodal Church in the image of man.
9. The Modernists agenda is likened to Albert Einstein’s quote, ‘The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again.”

Reconsidering how to increase Catholics’ belief in the Real Presence:

1. Focus more on Eucharistic processions at the local Church level.
2. Construct more Eucharistic adoration chapels rather than Eucharistic adoration chapels inside Church. Allow people to spend time with the Lord before Mass.
3. If possible, construct more 24 hour Eucharistic adoration chapels. Vocations reliably result where parishes prioritize Eucharistic adoration.
4. Restore and make available the Traditional Latin Mass (TLM) for parishioners. This will bring in more Catholics in the pews.
5. Display the Eucharist Tabernacle front and center near the altar.
6. Bring back kneeling rails for those who like to humbly to receive the Eucharist. Receiving the Eucharist in the hands increases the incidence of Eucharistic sacrilege.
7. Minimize the need and use for Eucharistic ministers. This will greatly reduce the incidence of Eucharistic sacrilege.
8. Allow only ordained clergy and ministers to remain in the sanctuary. This will enable the laity to better appreciate the sanctuary area.
9. Allow only ordained clergy and ministers to administer the Eucharist to the congregation.

Reconsidering the Marian apparitions in light of new approval guidelines:

1. There is now greater attention to the matter of whether or not if the Marian message of Akita should be approved.
2. Cardinal Ratzinger, as former head of the Dicastery of the Doctrine of the Faith, has stated that the message of Akita is essentially the same message of Fatima.
3. There is a concern that the message of Akita may not be approved by the Vatican.
4. A primary consideration may involve whether such considerations may cause the faithful to have mistrust in the Vatican authorities in Rome.
5. A primary consideration may involve whether an apparition message could cause Church division.
6. The Marian messages of Fatima and La Salette, which prophesied division and evil influences within the Church, have already been approved.
7. The question remains: “Will the Vatican approve the message of Akita, because it aligns with the message of Fatima?”
8. The question also remains: “Will the Vatican not approve the message of Akita, because it would cause ‘division in the Church and ‘incite mistrust’ in the Vatican authorities?”
9. Potential Vatican reluctance to approve the message of Akita: this would incriminate the authority in the Church.

Reconsidering changing the Church structure- deconstruction of sacred consecrated priesthood and hierarchy:

1. Hans Kung wanted a Church where the laity would have the same voting rights as bishops and priest as early as the 1960s. He had already seen the church synodally as a conciliar Church.
2. It is easy to see how laity and clergy appear in synodal assemblies and committees.
3. Priest functions are already being downgraded. Lay people are already jumping into the places that the priests have vacated.
4. In some places the Holy Mass is being desacralized into a group experience and themed service. Lay people administer communion. Unseen priests consecrates the hosts beforehand.
5. Some women are bureaucratized to do what a cleric did. The woman becomes less feminine, sharing in the power of men in the Church.
6. The layperson wants to do everything like the priest. The layperson also loses his identity in the Church.
7. Women, seeking power in the Church, seek to become deaconesses and potentially women priests. These potentially positions will most likely become un-ordained roles.
8. When did the source of this problem originally begin? We have had the wrong Church structure 60 years ago ==> Vatican II.

Etymology: The prefix ana- means again and also signifies intensity. The Greek base verb theoreo means to view or to behold. The Latin verb videre also means to consider, having a much deeper sense than just seeing. The Latin verb video means I see. The French verb considerer, derived from the Latin verb considerare, literally means to observe the stars (sidera). The French verb contempler, derived from the Latin verb contemplare, literally means to mark out a space (temple) for observation.

Conclusion;

Video, see, voyeur, intuition, consider, consideration, contemplate, contemplation

Throughout history, this term consistently pertains to considering or reflecting upon important or serious matters. Plato’s quote pertains to how one should live one’s life (unjust or just).

Paul deeply reflects in appealing to the Athenians’ religiosity in their belief of the divine. Paul states that they unknowingly worship that Unknown God. The pagans also often built shrines and monuments to the unknown gods who caused calamities.

The Jewish Christians are called to reflect on how their deceased spiritual leaders and teachers remained faithful even to death. The Jewish Christians are also called to imitate their example.

Update: Archbishop Lefebvre was quite prophetic in seeing consequences of Vatican II. He foresaw that Vatican II has veered off from Tradition and the traditions of Jesus’ Church.

Archbishop Lefebvre foresaw the differences of the Traditional Latin Mass (sacrifice) and the Novus Order Mass (meal).

As Catholics, we all must reconsider the consequences of Vatican II. As a result of “bringing in fresh air into the Church,” this council has devastating spiritual consequences: increased sacrilege, less vocations, decreased Mass attendance, poor catechesis, liturgical confusion and chaos, human innovations, and increased worldly and evil influences in the Church.

We all must reconsider that the messages of La Salette, Fatima, Akita, and Marian (message of the Lady Good faith) are actually coming true in regard to the state of the Church.

How does the Vatican and the German Church respond to the problems in the Church? By becoming more like the world! Yet, more people are walking away from the Church.

We all must reconsider that the Vatican’s efforts to promote woman deacon is resulting from the Vatican bowing down to womens’ political power (rights) in having more authority in the Church.

We all must reconsider that Modernists seek to find and define religion, faith, and doctrine inside themselves (through subjective religious sentiment) to continually reform and renew the Church.

We all must reconsider that Modernists seek to reform and renew the Church through more reform and renewal ==> rinse and repeat

We all must reconsider that Pope Francis seeks to finish what Vatican II intended to do?  More spiritual genocide to the Church!

https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/bishop-eleganti-women-taking-priests-roles-become-genderless-and-bureaucratized/

[Greek] παραλογίζομαι (paralogizomai), [Latin] decipere, [Latin] fallere, [German] ertappen: to miscalculate, to delude, to deceive, to reason falsely, to lead astray, to reckon wrong; Col.2:4, Jas.1:22

 Modernists earnestly believe that the Novus Order Mass nourishes the Church (Mass attendance declining!) and the Traditional Latin Mass impoverishes the Church (Mass attendance thriving!). One can only wonder if the Modernists’ intentions are unintentionally deluded and/or intentionally evil (gas-lighting.)

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to defraud, to cheat, to reason falsely, and to mislead.

Isocrates’ Ad Filios Jasonis 6.12: “For they do not examine from all sides the real nature of the equation, but in many ways deceive themselves.”

Demosthenes’ Against Aphobus 1 41.30: “I have yet set forth to you all my charges, while my opponent evaded coming before those acquainted with the facts.”

Demosthenes’ Against Aphobus 1 27.29: “Is this is a trifling sum drawn, which might have easily been miscalculated?”

Socrates: “To believe without evidence and demonstration is an act of ignorance and folly.”

Aeschines’ Against Timarchus 1.117: “I fear that the man who professed to teach the young the tricks of speaking may mislead you by some artifice.

Old Testament: This term means to change, to come against, to transgress, to cover, to delude, to be betray, to carry, and to throw.

New Testament: This term means to delude and to deceive. Paul is concerned that the Colossians are being influenced by false teachers who are emphasizing Christ’s relationship with the universe (cosmos). The false teachers stress angels, principalities and powers, astral powers, and cultic practices. These teachings detract from the person and work of Christ for salvation. James states that one must both be a hearer and doer of the gospel message. Listening but not practicing the gospel message does not allow one to conform oneself to the gospel. This conformity of life to the gospel brings true freedom and happiness.

Scripture:

Col.2:4: “I say this so that no one may deceive you by specious arguments.” (Paul has concerns that the false teachers have been deceptive about Christ’s true nature. The Colossians are admonished to adhere to the gospel as it was first preached to them. They must reject religious teaching originating from sources outside the gospel.)

Col.2:8: “See to it that no one captivate you with an empty, seductive philosophy according to human tradition, according to the elemental powers of the world and not according to Christ.” (Paul calls the Colossians to reject religious teaching that do not come from the gospel. Paul warns others to reject human traditions.)

Jas.1:22: “Be doers of the Word and not hearers, only deluding yourselves.” (One must both hear and follow (do) the Word in order to be conformed to the gospel message. Intellectual faith is not enough. Actions are also needed.)

Hearers of the Word:

1. This is a person who deludes himself.
2. This is like a person who looks at his own face in a mirror and promptly forget what he looks like.
3. The perfect law is the gospel (of Jesus) which brings freedom.

Doers of the Word:

1. This person is one who peers in the perfect law of freedom and perseveres.
2. This person is one who acts.
3. This person shall be blessed in what he does.

Pope Pius X: “Modernism leads to atheism and to the annihilation of all religion.”

Guiding principles of Modernists thinking:

1. Agnosticism: human reason is confined entirely within the field of phenomena (what is perceptible to human senses and reason).
2. Vital Immanence: man finds within himself (sentiment, perceptions, and experiences) to find an explanation for God, religious, faith, and doctrine. External objective supernatural reality is excluded or diminished.
3. Modernism is a synthesis of all heresies (cumulative embracing of human subjective views ultimately leading to [secularism] and atheism (further away from God.)

Modernists’ view of the Church in the world (adapting to the world and culture) ==> moving further away from God practical atheism:

1. Pope John XXII invoked Vatican II based on the naive idea that “fresh air” must be brought into the Church.
2. Pope Paul VI later acknowledged that the “smoke of Satan” has entered into the Church.
3. Vatican II has resulted in: decreased vocations, increased sacrilege, decrease Catholic membership, closing churches, poor catechesis, watered down teachings, etc.
4. Worldly, secular, evil, and Modernist influences has created a spiritual disaster and spiritual genocide. Modernist popes from Pope John XXII to Pope Francis has allowed this.
5. Pope Francis states that he will continue Vatican II’s efforts to “reform and renew” the Church.
6. The advocates of Vatican II has explicitly stated that the ecclesiology of the Church has changed. Essentially, Vatican II has created a new Church.
7. It can be said that Vatican II had adopted some Protestant ideas.

Modernists’ antipathy and opposition against Tradition: (adapting to the world and culture) ==> moving further away from God practical atheism:

1. There is a need for a new paradigm shift in Catholic theology toward the LGBT community. (what a clever way to get around sin!)
2. Bestowing “non-liturgical blessings” for same sex couples. (one must first remove any sinful stigama: same-sex unions ==> irregular unions
3. Share decision making authority between clergy and laity. (giving poorly catechized laity decision making authority? What could ever possibly go wrong with this??)
4. Ignoring and diminishing the importance of Jesus’ command to sin no more (Jn.8:11): focusing on “mercy above all else”
5. Synodal path: remaking Jesus’ Church in a synod Church (made in the image of man).
6. There must be women deacons and possibly woman priests: women’s right have been disenfranchised because of the male Church Magisterium.
7. Reform and renewal must be “slow-walked in a piece-meal fashion. Pope Francis criticizes the German Church not because of their heresy, but because they are moving too fast.
8. Conveniently calling upon the “holy spirit of surprises” to justify ratifying controversial teachings, doctrine, and behavior.
9. Seeking to continually to need to renew and reform because of their religious sentiment.
10. The Tradition Latin Mass (TLM) is now perceived as divisive against the Novus Order Mass and new Church ecclesiology.
11. Despite of the un-convenient reality that traditional Catholics (“Trads”) and interest in the Traditional Latin Mass are thriving, the Modernist agenda must continue in the Church.
12. Modernist delusional and circular thinking: “We need to reform and renewal the Church” ==> problems ==> “We need to further reform and renew the Church”  ==> more problems ==> rinse, repeat, etc.

Paralogism: A piece of illogical or fallacious reasoning, especially one which appears superficially logical or which the reasoner believes to be logical. This is related to the Greek paralogos, meaning unreasonable.

Etymology: The Greek verb paralogizomai essentially means to reason (-logizomai) alongsude (para-). The Latin verb decipere is derived from the Latin verb capere, meaning to capture. When one is faced with deception (obstruction, subterfuge, treachery, or deceit), one does not know he is dealing with. The erroneous information presented becomes falsum (deceit). One must “fall” or “be brought to a fall” for what is presented to him. Therefore, he falls down or fell for it. The German verb ertrappen in itself is very telling.

Conclusion:

Deceive, deception, deceptive, fall, paralogism, trap

Demosthenes points out that those who do not face the facts themselves mistakenly think they can persuade others. Isocrates points that some can easily deceive themselves, being close-minded and being unable to see the problem from other sides. Plato states in practical terms what it means to act foolishly and recklessly.

In the Old Testament, this term conveys the sense of going against, covering, and throwing. Perhaps this develops the notion of casting doubt and covering up.

In the New Testament, Paul warns that the false teachers in Colossae are creating false narratives about Jesus’ true nature. James states one must be hearers and doers of the gospel. To do otherwise, you are deluding yourself.

These scriptures allude to the notion of doing anything one wants. The “freedom” to do something (sinful) may in fact become another form of slavery (or addiction) to sin. This becomes another form of self-deception. In contrast, to do God’s will (in being controlled by God) gives you freedom!!!! [#MindBlown, #GodIsInControl] ☺☺☺

Update:

The Catholic Church (and the Vatican) is acting more like a synodal Church (made in the image of man) rather than a Church devoted to bringing souls into heaven. 

As a result, many clergy are not acting like priests. They are failing to state, identify, and criticize sinful behavior. Many mortal souls are in peril.

Many of Pope Francis’s encyclicals and documents result in accommodating and adapting the Church to the world.

This synodal path seeks to move the Church further into worldly values, secularism, sinful behavior, and evil.

Modernism allows for the Church to move further away from God, leading to “practical atheism.”

We all can relate when we delude ourselves when: “People hate the truth for the sake of whatever it is that they love more than the truth. They love truth when it shines warmly on them, and hate it when it rebukes them.” St. Augustine.

From LifeSite News (essay by Fr. Joachim Heimrl):

1. Pope Francis: the Mass is merely a vehicle for Church reform.
2. Cardinal Alfredo Ottiviani, prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith (for Pope Paul VI in 1969), expressed his reservations to Pope Paul VI about the “new Mass”.
3. Cardinal Ottiviani stated that the new Mass was deficient and dangerous. It ultimately represented a new church.
4. Pope Paul VI said he regretted his “blunder” (new Mass), but never revised it.
5. Is this why Paul VI mentioned that the “smoke of Satan”==> liturgical confusion has entered into the Church???
6. Pope John Paul II and Pope Benedict tried to strike a pragmatic balance: both Novus Order Mass and Traditional Latin Mass forms existed side by side.
7. Pope Francis is seeking to remove the Traditional Latin Mass.

https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/german-priest-pope-francis-fight-against-the-latin-mass-is-a-fight-against-the-church/

[Greek] φρουρέω (phroureō), [Latin] custodire, [French] garder, [French] proteger, [German] bewachen: to guard, to protect, to watch, to take care, to observe; 2Cor.11:32, Gal.3:23, Php.4:7, 1Pet.1:5

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to stand guard, to be on guard, to watch, to be careful, to take care, to keep silent, and to provide a guardian.

Herodotus’ The Histories 7.217: “1000 Phocians were on watch, defending their own country.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus 1479: “May the god prove a better guardian to you than he has to me.”

Euripides’ Electra 1139: “But please take care.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 9.106: “Stand on guard between the Ionians and their enemies.”

Sophocles’ Electra 74: “Take care to watch over your task.”

Euripides’ The Suppliants 900: “He was careful to avoid offense.”

Euripides’ Ion 98: “It is good to keep your mouth holy in speech.”

New Testament: The governor guarded the city of Damascus in order to seize Paul. The Jews were conspiring to kill Paul. Paul states that before faith, the Christians were held in custody under the law. This faith is to be later revealed. The peace of God that surpasses all understanding will guard your hearts and minds in Christ. The gift that God bestows in bringing new life and hope in Him is to be safeguarded through faith.

Scripture:

“At Dasmascus, the governor under King Areta guarded the city of Damascus, in order to seize me.” 2Cor.11:32

The Jews, also keeping watch at the gates, were conspiring to kill Paul. The disciples helped Paul to escape.

“Before faith came, we were held in custody under law, confined for the faith that was to be revealed.” Gal.3:23

Righteousness and justification by faith through God’s promises supersedes the law. Since faith has come, we are no longer bound under the law.

“Then the peace of God that surpasses all understanding will guard your hearts and minds in Christ Jesus.” Php.4:7

God’s peace overcomes worldly concerns and fears.

Conclusion:

Custody, custodian, watch, protect, protégé

In Greek Hellenism, it is interesting to discover that this term has both explicit and nuanced meanings. The explicit meanings refer to guarding, spying, and watching over. The more nuanced meanings refer to providing a guardian, being careful, being mindful, and keeping silent.

Paul escaped from the authorities by being lowered in a basket through a window. The Mosaic law restricted the Gentiles and Christian from receiving the fullness of faith from God. Jesus’ redemption removes this spiritual captivity. This power of God is safeguarded by faith.

A protege is one who is under the care (or protection) of another.

Update: Fellow Catholics– Please spend some time in watchful prayer and silence for Ukraine before the Blessed Sacrament in church. Please be mindful that the people of Ukraine desperately need our prayers.

The Ukrainians are now standing guard in their efforts to defend themselves (and their country) from Russian aggression.

Take care!

Greek] καταπατέω (katapateō), [Latin] inculcare, [German] hineinpressen, [German] hineinstampfen: to despise, to reject, to treat contemptuously, to trample, to tread down, to disdain; Mt.5:13, Mt.7:6, Lk.8:5, Lk.12:1, Heb.10:29

In Ottawa protesters were literally being trampled upon. Many others’ rights were also being trampled upon.

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to trample underfoot, to trample down, and to trample to death. Homer’s Iliad 4.157 states “The Trojans have smitten thee, and trodden under the foot the oaths.” Demosthenes’ Against Phormio 34.37 states “They were being nearly trampled to death.” Herodotus’ The Histories 2.14 states “Then each man sows his field and sends swine into it to tread down the seed and waits for the harvest.”

Old Testament: This term, used extensively, means to tread, to trample, to thresh, to crush, to strike down, to press, to bruise, to spoil, and to plunder. Judgment is depicted under the image of the winepress. Crushing and treading down also indicate prophetic warnings. The righteous are often instruments of treading down of the ungodly. Trampling and deriding are terms for war.

You shall be cut in pieces and your house made into a refuse heap (Dan.2:5). An animal passed by and trampled the thistle underfoot (2Chr.25:18). But Moab will be trodden down as straw is trodden down in the mire (Isa.25:10). The wine press I have trodden alone and from the peoples not one was with me. I trod them in MY anger, and trampled them down in My wrath (Isa.63:3). All who attempt to lift it will injure themselves badly, though all the nations will gather against it (Zec.12:3).

New Testament: This term means to trample and to show contempt. Disciples (and Christians) are like the salt of the earth. Like salt losing its flavor, disicples can become ineffective and useless. Swine trample pearls underfoot. Some seed (the Word of God) fall on the path and become trampled upon. This seed does not last. Many crowded together and trampled one another to listen the leaven of the Pharisees. For those who show contempt for the Son of God will experience punishment worse than in the Mosaic law. This involves turning one’s back on Christ, despising His sacrifice, and disregarding the Holy Spirit’s gifts.

Scripture:

“You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its taste, with what can it be seasoned? It is no longer good for anything but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot.” Mt. 5:13

Like salt, the follower of Christ can also lose his effectiveness and usefulness.

“A sower went out to sow his seed. And as he sowed, some seed fell on the path was trampled, and the birds of the sky at it up.: Lk.8:5

The seed is the word of God. This seed does not take root and does not grow.

Etymology: The Latin verb inculcare means to force upon, to insist on, and to impress upon

Conclusion:

Inculcate, press, impress, stamp, compress

This term also can be very applicable in any time period in history.

In the Old Testament, the winepress is used as a metaphor for the execution of God’s judgment. The trodden grapes of wrath become the fruit (end product) of God’s actions.

In our current culture, there are many of us Christians who have lost their flavor (effectiveness and usefulness) because of ignorance, indifference, laziness, peer pressure, and fearfulness.

Then there are those many Christians (through no fault of their own) who are being trampled down because of persecution.

We all must offer our thoughts and prayers to the families of those victims who died and were injured in the Astroworld tragedy in Houston, Tx.

In Ottawa, protesters were being literally trampled down by police mounted on horses.

I also wanted to impress upon you that we all must be effective and useful in offering our thoughts and prayers to all Ukrainians who are currently being trampled upon (attacked and killed) by the Russian armed forces. (Ukraine is now experiencing its own form of grapes of wrath from Russia’s actions!)

[Greek] μωμάομαι (mōmaomai), [Latin] vituperare[French] blamer: to blame, to scorn, to find fault with, to mock, to criticize; 2Cor.6:3, 2Cor.8:20

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This means to blame, to scorn, to find fault with, to blame, and to criticize. Homer’s Iliad 3.412 states “All the women of Troy blame me hereafter; and I have measureless griefs at heart.” Aeschylus’ Agamemnon 277 states “Truly you scorn my understanding as if it were a child’s.” Aristophanes’ Birds 171 states “By Zeus himself! Your jest hits the mark.”

Old Testament: This term means blemish, priestly blemish, stain, defect, and moral stain. The Lord said to Moses:‘Anyone who has the following blemishes may not come forward: he who is blind, or lame, who has a split lip, or a limb too long’(Lev.21:18). Yet his degenerate children have treated him basely, a twisted and crooked generation (Deu.32:5). Whoever corrects the arrogant earns insults; and whoever reproves the wicked incurs opprobrium (Pro.9:7).

New Testament: This term means to find fault with and to blame. Paul states that he and his ministry must work together in receiving God’s grace. They must not show evidence to cause others to find fault in this ministry. Paul states one must strive to be beyond reproach. Paul may be alluding to concerns arising from Paul’s management of the collection through messengers.

Scripture:

“We cause no one to stumble in anything, in order that no fault may be found with our ministry.” 2Cor.6:3

Those in ministry must work together in receiving God’s grace. We must not allow others to find fault in the ministry.

“This we desire to avoid, that anyone blame us about this lavish gift administered by us.” 2Cor.8:20

It is important that all those in ministry must be beyond reproach so that others may not find reason for scandal. Any evidence or appearance of misconduct can bring dishonor or reproach to the ministry.

Conclusion:

Blame, vituperate, vituperation

This is one of those terms which can be applicable in any time period.

In the Old Testament, this term conveys the same meaning in the form of a noun (blemish or stain).

In the New Testament, this term continues to be very applicable for ministry in our current age. These scriptures are very prophetic, timely, and applicable to the problems in all the churches and denomination. In any age, ministers must be beyond approach. Sadly, many have failed this moral standard over the years.

–Useless Words Alert—

Vituperation: the act of blaming, censoring, and finding fault

Vituperate: to blame, to censor, and to find fault

I hope you will not find fault for me keeping this post short.

[Greek] δακτύλιος (daktylios), [Latin] annulus, [German] ring: ring; Lk.15:22

Background information:

Joseph receiving Pharaoh’s ring: Tiepolo’s painting is based on the Old Testament story of Joseph. Joseph had been sold into slavery by his jealous brothers and was later imprisoned for a crime he did not commit. This painting shows the dramatic moment when Joseph wins his freedom and is appointed to the role of Vizier, the Pharaoh’s chief administrator. Tiepolo’s use of color and costume reference the golden age of Venetian painting.

Greek Hellenism: This term means ring, signet, and ring-shaped thing. Herodotus’ The Histories state “On of the priests examines the beast, determined whether it is clean. If it is clean, the priest stamps it with his ring.” Aristophanes’ Plutus 884 states “I fear you not, thanks to this range for this ring for which I paid Eudemus.” Plato’s Republis 359e states “As he turned the collet of the ring toward himself, towards the inner part of the hand, he became invisible.”

Old Testament: This term means ring, signet ring, and ornamental ring. To forestall any tampering, the king sealed with his own ring and the rings of the lords the stone that blocked the opening of the den (Dan.6:17). Ahiqar had been chief cupbearer, keeper of the signet ring, and accountant under Sennacherib (Tob.1:22). With that, Pharaoh took off his signet ring and put it on Joseph’s finger (Gen.41:42).

New Testament: This term means ring. The greedy younger son sought to leave his father with the share of his inheritance. He set off to a foreign country where he squandered it. Coming to his senses, the younger son returned to his father, saying he did not deserve to be called his son. The son asked that be treated like a highered worker. The father, overjoyed, embraced his son, saying that his son, who was dead and lost, has come to life again and has been found. The father gave him a robe, put a ring on his finger, put sandals on his feet, and gave him a feast. This parable of the lost son illustrates The Father’s mercy and forgiveness.

“But his father ordered his servants, ‘Quickly bring the finest robe and put it on him; put a ring on his finger and sandals on his feet.” Lk.15:22

This parable illustrates the Father’s mercy to those who have fallen away.

Etymology: The Latin noun annulus means little ring, derived from the preposition (ad-) meaning to and nullus, meaning nothing. It is interesting to note that prodigal is related to the Latin nepos, meaning descendant, grandson, and nephew. The water scorpion (Nepidae) consumes its offspring not on its back. Prodigal is derived from the Latin verb prodigere, meaning to drive away and waste. In the 1590’s prodigal becomes uses as a noun.

This Good Shepherd ring was recently discovered off the coast of Israel near Cesarea.

Conclusion:

Annul, annulment, ring, prodigal, nepotism

The Pharaoh had given Joseph authority. The pope also wears a ring.

Prodigal means wasteful, lavish, and given to extravagance. Not surprisingly this term is related to nepotism and spoiled children. I bet you did not expect to include a scorpion!

Not surprisingly, anullments involve returning the ring.

—Useless Word Alert —

Annulus: In mathematics, this is the region between different sized concentric circles. Essentially, this looks like a washer used in hardware.

I hope this post was able to ring your attention.

[Greek] ἅπτω (haptō), [Latin] mundare, [Latin] tangere, [Latin] accendere, [French] purifier, [German] zufallen, [French] arriver: to attach oneself, to hold on to, to kindle, touch a woman, cling to, to fasten: 38 scriptural references

Noli Me Tangere (Do not hold on to Me): painting by Antonio da Corregio (1514)

Background information:

Old Testament: The Hebrew term yada means to know someone or something in a deeper covenantal relationship. These relationships can be between God and man, man and man, and man and woman. A covenantal relationship is a relationship that shouldn’t be broken. If broken, there would be consequences (covenant curses). In Gen.18:19 God singles out (knows) Abraham by establishing a covenant with him. In Gen.2:23-24 God brings to Adam a woman (Eve) created from Adam’s rib. God establishes a covenantal relationship with Adam and Eve and a marriage relationship between Adam and Eve. Therefore, knowing each other can also mean having marital relations.

New Testament: This term means to light a lamp, to touch someone (occurring quite frequently), to hold on to, and to touch a woman (to have a sexual relationship). I will focus on the less common scriptural examples.

Jn.20:17: “Stop holding on to Me.”

1Cor.7:1: “It is a good thing for a man not touch a woman.”

2Cor.6:17: “And touch nothing unclean.”

1Jn.5:18: “The one begotten by God He protects, and the evil one cannot touch him.”

Etymology: The Latin verb accidere means to fall upon, to happen, to fall down, and to alight. Not surprisingly, the modern-day word accident comes from this Latin verb. It is also interesting to note that accidere is directly related to lighting something (a potential accident waiting to happen). The Latin verb mundare means to clean. The Latin word for earth (world) is mundus. Mundane means of this earthly world or lacking in interest. The Latin verb tangere means to touch, to strike, and to influence. Tactile means perceptible to touch. Tangent means near, slightly connected, and meeting at a point without intersecting.

Conclusion:

Tangent, tactile, accident, fallen, arrive, purify, mundane

For purposes of brevity, I excluded examples from the Greek Hellenistic era. The Hebrew yada is an important concept of knowing others in a deep convenental relationship.

Jesus, on His own initiative, touched and healed others. In other situations, Jesus healed others only because of their faith. If they did not have faith or trust in Jesus, they would not be healed. Jesus told Mary Magdalene to stop holding on (clinging) to Jesus. It was time for Jesus to return to His Father. Paul instructs one not to touch (have sexual relations) a woman. Paul also instructs one not to touch anything unclean. Christians must have cultic cleanliness. 1Jn.5:18 states that the one (follower of Christ) begotten by God will not be harmed by the evil one.

When it comes to what God and Jesus has done for us, “yada, yada, yada” (blah, blah, blah) cannot be said.

[Greek]ἀπωθέω (apōtheō), [Latin] repellere: to push away, to reject, to repudiate; Acts 7:27,39, Acts 13:46, Rom.11:1-2, 1Tim.1:19

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: Apotheosis was the conferring the status of a god on a mortal emperor. Homer, regarded as the poet and source of sciences, was conferred with godhood. The Greek leaders Lysander, Alexander the Great, and Ptolomy were conferred with godhood.

Ancient Roman culture: Consecratio was the ritual act by which a mortal was given a divine status. A divus was a male given divine status. A diva was a female given divine status. The Roman leaders Romulus, Julius Caesar, and Augustus were conferred with godhood.

Old Testament: This term has many related Hebrew terms. This term can mean to flee, to run away, to cut down, to destroy, to remove, to drive out, to reject, to scorn, to ignore, to go astray, and to apostatize.

New Testament: This term means to push away and to reject.
Stephen relates that the Old Testament story of Moses encountering a fellow kinsman pushing someone. Stephen also relates that because of Moses’ absence (being with God), the Israelites built a golden calf. The Israelites pushed God aside and turned their hearts back to Egypt. Paul and Barnabas claim that it was necessary that the word of God first come to the chosen people Israelites. But since they had rejected it, they now turn to the Gentiles. God has not rejected His people, as He remains faithful to Israel. Some, by rejected conscience, have made a shipwreck of their faith.

Scripture:

“Our ancestors were unwilling to obey Him; instead, they pushed Him aside and in their hearts turned back to Egypt. Acts 7:39

Because of Moses’ absence (with God), the Israelites made a golden calf as a god.

“Both Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly and said, ‘It was necessary that the word of God be spoken to you first, but since you reject it and condemn yourselves as unworthy of eternal life, we must turn to the Gentiles.” Acts 13:46

The Israelites frustrate God’s plan for His chosen people.

“I ask, then has God rejected His people? Of course not!” Rom.11:1

God remains faithful to Israel. The unbelieving Jews are blinded by the Christian teaching concerning the Messiah.

Etymology: The Greek verb apotheo is derived from apo- (from) and theos (god). The modern word consecrate comes from con- (expressing intensity) and the Latin verb sacrare, meaning to dedicate or set aside.

Conclusion:

Apotheosis, consecration, consecrate, repel, repellant, diva

In ancient times this term conveys the notion of elevating one’s status.

In the Old Testament, this term conveys the notion of separating oneself.

We are all sailing on this journey of faith. May your faith anchor you and lead you away from being shipwrecked.

Consecration can be viewed as a process of separating oneself. When a priest pronounces the words of Eucharist consecration at Mass, the bread and wine, by the power of the Holy Spirit, is changed into the Body and Blood of Christ. The vocation of consecrated virginity is the oldest form of consecrated life in the Catholic Church.

Now you know where diva comes from. And this idea of being so special or important now makes sense.

“Sometimes you just have to throw on a crown and remind them who they’re dealing with.”   Unknown

“When I’m good, I’m very good, but when I’m bad, I’m better.” Mae West.

[Greek] ἀποπλανάω (apoplanaō), [Latin] seducere, [Latin] errare: to go astray, to wander away, to err, to seduce, to mislead; Mk.13:22, 1Tim.6:10

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to go astray, to wander, to vacillate, to be mistaken, to digress, and to not tell the truth

Euripides’ Helen 598: “I find you wandering over the land.”

Plato’s Phaedo 81d: “Those compelled to flit about such places of punishment.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus 304: “My words often wander off.”

Plato’s Republic 371d: “Shopkeepers who roam from city to city.”

Herodotus’ The Histories 2.115: “Alexandrus was evasive in his story which did not tell the truth.”

Demosthenes On the False Embassy 19.335: “Aeschines shirks the issue if tries to lead you astray.”

Old Testament: This term means to lead astray, to confuse, to cause to stagger, to wander about, and deceive, and to mock. This term implies responsibility to God for such transgressions. God is an active and responding God. Seduction by false prophets and unfaithful leaders can lead to worship of idols and false gods. Israel and the Gentiles are often the sources of wandering.

Cursed be he who misleads a blind man on his way (Deu.27:18). A drunkard staggers in his vomit (Isa.19:13). They shall be wanderers among the nations (Hos.9:17). You have mocked me and told me lies (Jud.16:10). Manasseh led them into doing even greater evil (2Kgs.21:19). All shall abandon their idols which have deceitfully led them into error (Tob.14:6). Your leaders mislead, they destroy the paths you should follow (Isa.3:12). Prove to me wherein I have erred (Job 6:24).

New Testament: This term means to deceive, mislead, wander, and to go astray. Love of money is root of all evils. Too much focus on money (earthly treasure) prevents one from following God. False leaders have and will always come to present captivating ideas.

Scripture:

“False messiahs and false prophets will arise and will perform signs and wonders in order to mislead, if that were possible, the elect.” Mk.13:22

These false leaders will and have shown up since the early times. In more subtle ways, church teachings have been watered down and changed in the name of tolerance and diversity.

“For the love of money is the root of all evils, and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith and have pierced themselves with many pains.” 1Tim.6:10

Conclusion:

Seduce, error, err, planet

In Greek Hellenism, this term has several meanings with nuances.

In the Old Testament, in contrast to Greek Hellenism, God takes an active part in the affairs of man. Pertaining to man’s relationship with God, this term refers to man’s broken relationship with God. Wandering, straying, and seducing can lead to very serious consequences.

A planet is essentially a wandering celestial body in space.

In the New Testament, this term reinforces the notion that evil that comes from too much dependence on money. In recent months the looting and looting, destroying and “snatch and grab” of businesses illustrate the evil desire to have money and material goods.

Over time, some church leaders and secular leaders have not focused or adhered to important church teachings. Examples include abortion (advocating secular society’s beliefs, not strenuously advocating Church teachings, and permitting reception of the Eucharist to pro-abortion leaders). Some church leaders focus more on tolerance and diversity than on defending church teachings.

I felt it was important not to stray from acknowledging these societal influences on the church.

[Greek] ἀποθησαυρίζω (apothēsaurizō), [Latin] thesaurizare: to treasure up, to store away, to lay up in store; 1Tim.6:19

Background information:

Hellenistic Judiasm: Josephus’s The War of the Jews 7.8.4 states “Within this fortress was laid up corn in large quantities, also wine and oil in abundance, with all kings of pulse and dates heaped up together. There was also found a large quantity of all sorts of weapons of war, which had been treasured up by that king. Herod was prepared this fortress for fear of the Jews and Cleopatra.”

New Testament: This term means to treasure up or to lay up valued rewards. Timothy instructs the rich to rely on God instead of earthly riches. God richly provides for each of us. The rich person ought to rich in good works, generosity, and sharing. Heavenly treasures are much longer lasting than earthly treasures.

Scripture:

“Thus accumulating as treasure a good foundation for the future, so as to win the life that is true life.” 1Tim. 6:19

Accumulating heavenly treasures can help lead to eternal life.

Etymology: The Greek term thesaurus originally means treasury or storehouse. By 1840 this term becomes an encyclopedia filled with information. Now a thesaurus is a treasury of words. This term is related to treasurer.

Conclusion:

Thesaurus

It was interesting to discover how this term’s meaning changes over time to a treasury of words. Herod set up a fortress (treasury of supplies and food).

The wealthy are encouraged to not hoard but share their wealth (riches) with others. Earthly treasures do not last. Spiritual treasures are long lasting. Accumulating spiritual treasures can help one attain eternal life.

I again hope I was able to provide a treasure of wisdom in this post.

[Greek] ἀποθήκη (apothēkē), [Latin] horreum: storehouse, granary, barn, repository; Mt.3:12, Mt.6:26, Mt.13:30, Lk.3:17, Lk.12:18,24

Horrea (storage house) Epagathiania in Ostia Italy

Background information:

Temple priest: The temple priest received support of offerings from the community in return for his priestly services. The priest also collected the grain (corn). Interestingly, the grain (sitos) was stored in the granary (storehouse) of the temple grounds. Priests (along with civil and state officials) were allowed to partake of the meals in the community (at the public expense). These officials sat beside (para-) the meal (sitos), leading to the original meaning of the later word ‘parasite’.

Greek Hellenism: This term means storage place, storehouse, burial place, refuge, and magazine (place for storing goods). Thucydides’ The Peloponnesian War 6.97 states “The Athenians built a fort to serve as a magazine for their baggage and money.

Old Testament: This term means treasure, storehouse, depository, and magazine. The Lord will open for you His good storehouse (Deu.28:12). He also brought out from there all the treasure of the house of the Lord (2Kgs 24:13). Jonathon was responsible for the storehouses in the country (1Chr.27:25). The produce of the vineyards was stored in the wine cellars (1Chr.27:27). Have the groom out of his room (Joe 2:16).

New Testament: This term means barn and storehouse. John the Baptist states that Jesus will gather His wheat in the barn and burn the chaff. The birds gather nothing in the barn. In the parable of the weeds and wheat, the wheat and weeds will be separated at the harvest (God’s judgment). The wheat will be stored in the barn. In the parable of the rich fool, the one who stores up treasures (in the barn) is foolish and not rich in what matters to God.

Scripture:

“His winnowing fan is in His hand. He will clear His threshing floor and gather His wheat into His barn, but the chaff He will burn with unquenchable fire.” Mt.3:12

The separation of good and evil is likened to a farmer separating wheat from chaff. The chaff will be burned away.

“Let them growth together until harvest; then at harvest time I will say to the harvesters, ‘First collect the weeds and tie them in bundles for burning; but gather the wheat in My barn.” Mt.13:30

The harvest is God’s judgment. God will separate the wheat and weeds.

“And he said, ‘This is what I shall do; I shall tear down my barns and build larger ones. There I shall store all my grain and other goods.” Lk.12:18

The rich fool is foolish for storing his earthly treasures. The rich fool is not rich in the ways of God.

Etymology: The Latin horreum was a type of public warehouse during the ancient Roman period, often referred to granaries. The Greek sitos (grain) was often stored in the temple grounds. The temple priest (parasitos—“beside the grain”), was supported by the community in return for his temple services. A magazine was originally a warehouse for storing goods, like military ammunition. By 1868, this term also refers to a cartridge chamber in a rifle. A magazine is also storehouse of articles and stories. An apothecary now refers to a pharmacist or pharmacy.

Conclusion:

Apothecary, parasite, magazine

It was very interesting to discover how the term magazine becomes associated with guns. A magazine is essentially a collection or storage house.

Parasitos (temple priest) was able to eat at the community’s expense in return for his temple services. It is later in time that this term takes on its negative meaning of needing support.

In the Old Testament, it was interesting to discover mention of a magazine of weapons. Apotheke can also refer to treasure.

In the New Testament, wheat is placed in a barn as Jesus will separate the weeds (bad) and wheat (good). Although the wheat and weeds may be indistinguishable, these will be separated at the harvest (judgment). Storing more grain, goods, or treasures in barns is considered foolish. This is not rich in what matters to God.

I hope this post provides you with a large storehouse of interesting information.

[Greek] ἀπελπίζω (apelpizō), [Latin] desperare: to despair of, to expect nothing in return, to give up hope, to not to believe; Lk.6:35

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to despair of, to be given up   in despair, and hope that a thing will not happen. Polybius’ Histories 1.19.12 states “Now night came on, and the victim, partly from joy at their success, partly from fatigue, kept their watches somewhat more carelessly than usual; accordingly Hannibal, having given up of holding out, made up his mind that this state of things afforded him a good opportunity of escape.”

Old Testament: This term means to be destitute, to be needy, to be oppressed, and needing to be delivered. You shall not pervert the justice due to your need brother in dispute (Exo.23:6). For the poor will not cease to exist in the land (Deu.15:11). And defend the rights of the poor and needy (Pro.31:9).

New Testament: This term, used only once, means to expect nothing in return. Jesus calls each of us to love our enemies and do good for them, expecting nothing in return. By doing so, our reward will be great in heaven. Jesus extends the love command to our enemies and persecutors.

Scripture:

“But rather, lover your enemies and do good to them, and lend expecting nothing back; then your reward will be great and you will be the children of the Most High, for He Himself is kind to the ungrateful and the wicked.” Lk.6:35

Jesus extends the love command to our enemies and persecutors.

Conclusion:

Despair, desperate

In Greek Hellenism, this term primarily means to despair. In the Old Testament, this term, more narrowly defined, refers to those who are destitute, poor, and needy. In the New Testament, this term refers to expecting nothing in return. Unfortunately, I think many of us to do not really consider this idea of receiving rewards in heaven as we should. As a result, we often lose out on this heavenly blessing.

Unfortunately, we must continue to not to expect any significant accomplishments with this Biden administration. We continue to see incompetence on many levels.

[Greek] ἀπείθεια (apeitheia), [Latin] incredulitatem, [Latin]  diffidentia: disobedience, disbelief, unbelief, obstinancy; Rom.11:30,32, Eph.2:2, Eph.5:6, Col.3:6, Heb.4:6,11

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means disobedience. Xenophon’s Memorabilia 3.5.5 states “Ah, I am aware of that, answered Socrates, ‘but the disposition of our city is no more to a good ruler’s liking. For confidence breeds carelessness, lackness, and disobedience; fear makes men more attentive, more obedient, more amenable to discipline.’”

New Testament: This term means disobedience and rejection of belief. Both Israel and Gentiles, who have been disobedient, have been delivered through God’s mercy. Where sin has increased, mercy increases ever more. The age of this world is filled with disobedience in contrast to the age to come. God’s wrath may also come upon the disobedient. For those who have received the good news, some will not enter into this rest because of disobedience. God’s word can bring salvation or judgment because of disobedience.

Scripture:

“Just as you once disobeyed God but have now received mercy because of their disobedience.” Rom.11:30

Israel and the Gentiles, who have been disobedient, are also delivered by God’s mercy.”

“For God delivered all to disobedience, that He might have mercy upon them all.” Rom.11:32

Where sin increases, mercy increases ever more.

“Therefore, let us strive to enter into that rest, so that no one may fall after the same example of disobedience.” Heb.4:11

Jesus leads His people into this rest. The author states that God’s word can bring salvation or judgment because of disobedience.

Etymology: The Latin incredulitas originally meant disbelief or unbelief. Now this term means unbelievable, surpassing belief, and extraordinary. The Latin diffidentia means distrustful and not confident. The Greek apeitheia scripturally means unbelief.  However, apeithea also means indifference, freedom from suffering, and without feeling.

Conclusion:

Apathy, diffidence, incredible, incredulous

This term essentially can mean disobedient in any time in history.

God’s mercy is much more than any one’s disobedience. The age of this world (including modern times) is still filled with disobedience in many forms. Even hearing the good news, one still may not enter into God’s rest because of disobedience.

[Greek] ἀπάτη (apatē), [Latin] fallacia, [Latin] deceptio, [Latin] erroris: delusion, deceit, deception; Mt.13:22, Mk.4:19, Eph.4:22, Col.2:8, 2Thess.2:10, Heb.3:13, 2Pet.2:13

The Parable of the Sower: painting by Peter Bruegel the Elder (1557). The seed sown among thorns is the one hears the Word but worldy anxiety and the lure of riches choke the Word and bears no fruit.

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means deception, deceit, illusion, fraud, guile, and treachery. Sophocles’ Antigone 617 states “Deceit comes to one who is wholly unaware until he burns his foot on a hot fire.” Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus 230 states “Deceit, on the one part, matches deceit on the other, and gives pain instead of pleasure for reward.” Homer’s Iliad 4.168 states “Zeus, son of Cronos, that dwelleth in the heaven, shall himself shake over them all his dark aegis in wrath for this deception.”

Greek mythology: Apate is the Greek goddess of deceit. Fraus is the corresponding Roman goddess of deceit.

New Testament: This term means deception (lure), deceitful actions, deceit of sin, and seductive philosophies. Paul illustrates how the new life in Christ contrasts with the Gentiles’ deceitful desires. Paul points out the empty and seductive pagan philosophies according to human traditions. Those who are perishing perform wicked deeds. One is cautioned against being hardened by the deceit of sin. False teachers are known for the wicked deeds.

Scripture:

“The seed sown among thorns is the one who hears the word, but then worldly anxiety and lure of riches choke the word and it bears no fruit.” Mt.13:22

In the parable of the seeds, the seed faced with thorns is like one who eventually is separated (choked off) from the word.

“That you should put away the old self of your former way of life, corrupted through deceitful desires.” Eph. 4:22

Paul illustrates the new life in Christ is contrasted with the sinful Gentile ways.

“See to it that no one captivate you with an empty seductive philosophy according to human tradition, according tot he elemental powers of the world and not according to Christ.” Col.2:8

Worldly philosophies and human traditions may often seduce one way from Christ.

Conclusion:

Fallacy, deception, error

Deception and deceipt can be applicable in any time period. Even a goddess was created for such a concept.

In the parable of the seeds, riches may provide a lure (deception) when it comes to following Jesus. The seed among thorns is the person who may be choked out from following Christ. It is interesting to note that this concept correlates with the notion that the rich getting into heaven is like a camel going through a needle. Riches in themselves are not bad or evil. Jesus states one can be possessed (controlled) by riches. Instead, on should share one’s riches to help the poor and needy.

In our current materialistic and consumer culture, many of us are drawn to (possessed) by our technological gadgets (smartphones). We must have the latest and greatest version. In a sense, many of us have become like little pagans bowing down to our gadgets. In fact, many have experienced “tech neck” (neck and muscle strain—this is a real thing!) from constantly looking down at our smartphones.

So keep away from these thorns (riches and technology) and keep your eyes on Jesus.

[Greek] ἐκκλείω (ekkleiō), [Latin] excludere: to shut out, to exclude, to eliminate, to not allow; Rom.3:27, Gal.4:17

In his very prophetic words, Martin Luther King Jr. ties together the evils of slavery and abortion.

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to shut out, to exclude from, to hinder, and to prevent. Euripides’ Orestes 1127 states “We will shut them up in different parts of the house.” Herodotus’ The Histories 1.144 states “The Dorians forbid admitting any of the neighboring Dorians to the Triopian temple, and even barred them from using it those of their own group who had broken the temple law.” Demosthenes On the False Embassy 19.26 states “You were precluded from learning the truth promptly and being cheated by hopes, impostures, and vain reassurances.”

New Testament: This term means to not allow and to exclude. In regard to faith, there is no occasion for boasting. People cannot boast of their faith, since it is God’s free gift. Paul states that evil doers want to isolate you from your blessings, so that you may show interest in them.

Scripture:

“What occasion is there for boasting? It is ruled out. On what principle that of works? No, rather on the principle of faith.” Rom. 3:27

People cannot boast of their holiness, since it is God’s free gift.

“They show interest in you, but not in a good way; they want to isolate you, so that you may show interest in them.” Gal.4:17

Evildoers want to isolate you from God’s blessings.

Etymology: The related Greek noun ekklesia means a particular body or whole body of faithful people. Essentially, these people are called out.

Parallels between slavery and abortion: Slaves’ and the unborn’s rights have been excluded.

Dred Scott Case (March 6, 1857): Enslaved people were not citizens and had no right to sue in federal court. African Americans couldn’t be citizens.

Roe vs. Wade (January 22, 1973): The fetus is not a person, and thus has no constitutional rights. The woman’s right of abortion becomes paramount.

Can a settled law still be immoral? Yes. Slavery for many years was settled law. The right to abortion has also been settled law.

Conclusion:

Exclude, exclusion, ecclesia, ecclesiastic

In Greek Hellensim, this term has the sense of excluding or preventing.

In the New Testament, one cannot boast of their holiness. This is God’s free gift.

Update: In contrast, the current Texas abortion legislation focuses on the rights of the unborn. As a result, the opposition has become very upset about this legislation. Not surprisingly, the opposition continues to focus only on the right to have an abortion and excludes the rights of the unborn.

[Greek] ἀστοχέω (astocheō) [German] abfallen, [French] tomber de, [Latin] aberrare, [Latin] excidere: to miss the mark, to go astray, to deviate from the truth, to swerve, to err, to wander from; 1Tim.1:6, 1Tim.6:21, 2Tim.2:18

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to miss the mark, to go astray, and to fail. Polybius’ Histories 3.21 states “I think a more particular examination of the treaties between Rome and Carthage will be useful to practical statesmen and historical students, that they may not be led astray by the ignorance or partisan bias of historians.” Polybius’ Histories 5.107.2 states “For in arming them for his campaign against Antiochos, Ptolemy had taken a step which, while it serves his immediate purpose, sufficiently well, proved eventually disastrous.”

New Testament: This term means to deviate, depart from, and to wander away from. Paul warns against false teachers promoting false doctrine. This false doctrine pertains to myths, endless genealogies, and idle religious speculation. In contrast, the aim of good instruction comes from a pure heart, good conscience, and sincere faith. Hymenaeus and Philetus deviated from the faith in advocating that the resurrection has already occurred. These teaching have already upset the faith of some.

Scripture:

“Some people have deviated from these (faithful truths) and turned to meaningless talk.” 1Tim.1:6

Paul warns against these false teachers.

“Hymenaeus and Philetus who have deviated from the truth by saying that the resurrection has already taken place and are upsetting the faith of some.” 2Tim.2:18

Hymenaeus and Philetus taught that the resurrection is past already, and that there would be no future resurrection. This may be considered as an early form of the Christian heresy of Gnosticism.

Etymology: The Greek noun stochos means mark or stake. The Latin verb aberrare can mean to stray, to deviate, to go wrong, to be unfaithful, to escape, and to disagree with. The Latin verb excidere can mean to perish, to disappear, to escape, to fall out, and to be deprived of. The Latin excidere consists of ex- (out) and caedere (to cut).

Excise, cut, aberrant, fall, stake

It is interesting to note that the idea of “missing the mark” can be applicable to any period of history. The results can result in undershooting, overshooting, going astray, and becoming disastrous. Something important could be at stake. ☺

Update: Many US citizens, concerned about the integrity of our election, are advocating a full forensic examination of 100% of the votes in their respective jurisdictions (county or state). However, some govt. officials and politicians, deflecting in hoping to maintain the status quo, are advocating for a fractional audit (such as 10% of the ballots). Yet more and more people are seeing that this is just meaningless talk. As a result, there continues to be momentum for having a full forensic examination of the votes in Michigan, Georgia, and Pennsylvania.

I hope I was able to hit the mark (bull’s eye) in keeping this post brief.

Next post: threatening and bullying

[Greek] φιμόω (phimoō), [Latin] mutescere, [Latin] tacere, [Latin] alligare: to say nothing, to muzzle, to put to silence, to cease to make a sound; Mt.22:12,34, Mk.1:25, Mk.4:39, Lk.4:35, 1Cor.9:9, 1Tim.5:18, 1Pet.2:15

Like the disciples (Mk. 4:39), many of us are in the same boat asking and pleading for Jesus to calm the storms in our lives.

Background information:

Greek Hellenism: This term means to muzzle, to close, to seal up, to put to silence, to be mute, and to be silent.

Aristophanes’ Clouds 592: “If you should convict the cormorant Cleon of bribery and embezzlement, then make fast his neck in the stocks.”

Aristotle Politics 1.260: “Hence we must hold that all of these persons have their appropriate virtues, as the poet said of woman; ‘Silence gives grace to women, though that is not the case likewise with a man.’” (This becomes a back-ended insult to women).

Old Testament: This term means to muzzle and to stop up. Stopping the noses of passengers means refers to the stench given off.

New Testament: This term means to muzzle, to silence, to be silenced, and to say nothing.

Scripture:

Mt.22:12: “He said to him, ‘my friend, how is it that you came in here without a wedding garment?’ But he was reduced to silence.” (In the parable of the wedding feast, the man came to the wedding without a wedding garment. The wedding garment refers to the change of heart, mind, and repentance necessary for entrance into heaven. The king casts out this person into darkness, where there will be wailing and grinding of teeth.)

Mt.22:34: “When the Pharisees heard that He had silenced the Sadducees, they gathered together.” (The Sadducees tried to trick Jesus about marriage commitments in heaven. Jesus points out that marriage will no longer exist in heaven. Then the Pharisees and Sadducees continued again to try to trick Him.)

Mk.1:25: “Jesus rebuked the demoniac and said, ‘Quiet! Come out of him!'” (The demons even acknowledged and respected the authority [Holy One of God] of Jesus. Jesus is now recognized for sending out demons from possessed persons.)

Mk.4:39: “He woke up, rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, ‘Quiet! Be still!’ The wind ceased and there was great calm.” (Jesus rebukes the wind and subdues the turbulence by a mere word. This is seen as a sign of Jesus’ saving presence.) 

1Tim.5:18: “For the scripture says, ‘You shall not muzzle and an oxen when it is threshing [grain]’ and ‘A worker deserves his pay.'” (Just as an oxen not be deprived of feeding upon the grain it is threshing, a presbyter is entitled and given the responsibility of preaching and teaching. These presbyters are to be supported by the community. Yet their public position subjects them to valid criticism and scrutiny.)

1 Pet.2:15: “For it is the will of God that by doing good you may silence the ignorance of foolish people.” (Christian freedom results from being servants to others. This include reverence for God, esteem for the person, and committed love for others. Yet, Christians must still be subject to human institutions.)

Etymology: The Latin verb tacere means to be silent, to leave unmentioned, and to pass over in silence. Tacit means unspoken but implied. Taciturn means non-talkative. The Latin verb mutescere means to become silent. The Latin verb alligare means to bind, to detain, and to hinder. Alligation is the process of binding or tying. An alligator is a creature that ties or binds.

Conclusion:

Tacit, taciturn, mute, muted, alligator, alligate, alligation

In Greek Hellenism, this term is used both literally and metaphorically. Fastening one’s neck in a stock was a form of punishment. Many past cultures were patriarchal in allowing very few freedoms, rights, and liberties to women. Bestowing silence as a grace to women was a back-handed way in saying that women must be silent or quiet. Aristotle held that women were inferior.

Update: The kingdom of heaven is likened to a king who gives a wedding feast for his on. One must wear the wedding garment of repentance in order to gain admission into heaven. Yet, many may not gain admission because of their sinful lifestyle.

Pope Francis and his inner circle are frequently seeking to silence Catholics (clergy and laity) in stating and following traditional Church teachings. Yet, these Catholics are often silenced and muzzled for speaking out against. This is an illustration on the modern heresy of hyper-papalism (if you oppose the Pope, then you are divisive.)

Many clergy, often fearful and afraid of being silenced, cancelled, removed, and reassigned, still have a priestly responsibility to speak out against heresy and questionable Churches. Even their tacit silence may be perceived as the failure to undertake their priestly responsibilities.

Clergy will be ultimately held responsible to God if they will have failed (or remain silent) in their duties as a priest: speaking out, whether or not they followed Church teachings, whether or not they followed heretical teachings, not pointing out sinful behavior, etc.

The legion of “pope-splainers” are out in full force actively seeking to silence Traditional Catholics (“Trads”) and conservative Catholics and Christians.

Pope Francis and his inner circle are actively seeking to silence and remove the Traditional Latin Mass.

Satan, although recognizing God’s authority, continues to use subterfuge and deception in undermining the Church (priests and laity). And you wonder how heresy and demonic teachings enter into the Church (non-liturgical blessings for same-sex couples.)

Satan and the Modernists are both seeking to undermine the Church. Let that sink in. This notion can cause one to pause in silence.

Personal note: On July 8, Hurricane Beryl hit my city of Houston. We were out of power for 6 days. Aside from the noise of the gas generators, we experienced the silence of no power. Yet as of now, there are still people in Houston who still have no power. There were many people in the same boat who experienced damage from the hurricane.

Let me end this post with this important question…https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eebBRsm7Pxc

[Greek] ἡσυχάζω (hēsychazō), [Latin] tacere, [Latin] siluere, [Latin] quiescere, [French] reposer: to rest, to live a quiet life, to remain quiet, to keep still, to hold one’s peace; Lk.14:4, Lk.23:56, Acts 11:18, Acts 21:14, 1Thess.4:11

 St. Peter Martyr of Verona asking for silence: fresco by Fra Angelico (1441)

Background information:

Fresco of St. Peter Martyr of Verona: This fresco is located at the Convent of San Marco in Florence, Italy. St. Peter Martyr was of the Dominican order. The rule of silence was indicative of the Dominican order. His habit is of blue and white, not the usual black and white. He was martyred in 1252. He was murdered by an assassin hired by the Cathars. At the time of his death when he was struck in the head with an axe, he wrote on the ground “Credo in Deum” (I believe in God) on the ground with his own blood. St. Peter Martyr calls for silence and still yet could not be silenced (for what he believed in) at his death. He was the fastest canonized saint in that this process only took 11 months.

Greek Hellenism: This term means to keep quiet, to hold one’s peace, to find rest, to calm oneself, to bring to rest, and to impose a silence.

Thucydides’ The Peloponnesian War 1.12: “Even after the Trojan war, Hellas was still engaged in removing and settling, and thus could not attain to the quiet which must precede growth.”

Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound 329: “And may you hold your peace and be not too blustering of speech.”

Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound 346: “No, keep quiet and keep yourself clear of harm.”

Plato’s Parmenides 162e: “But surely, that which is without motion must keep still, and that which keeps still must be at rest.”

Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus 620: “If I await him in repose, his ends will have been gained, and mine lost.”

Old Testament: This term means to be at rest, to grant relief, to be quiet, to be calm, and to cause calm.

New Testament: This term means to keep silent, to rest, to hold one’s peace, to let the matter rest, and to live a tranquil life. The Pharisees and law scholars, although furious, kept silent when Jesus healed the man with dropsy on the Sabbath. The disciples, after preparing Jesus’ body, rested on the Sabbath. The Jewish Christians, understanding that the gospel message was for both the Jews and Gentiles, stopped their objections and held their peace. Many were upset that Paul was to be bound and handed over to die in Jerusalem. Paul would not be persuaded from this and the others let this matter to rest.

Scripture:

“But they kept silent so He took the man and, after He had healed him, dismissed him.” Lk.14:4

The Pharisees and law scholars were furious that Jesus would heal on the Sabbath. However, they kept silent about this.

“When they heard this, they stopped objecting and gloried God, saying, ‘God has then granted life-giving repentance to the Gentiles too.” Acts 11:18

The Jewish Christian eventually realized that the gospel message was both for the Jewish Christians and Gentiles.

“Since he would not be dissuaded we let the matter rest, saying, ‘The Lord’s will be done.’” Acts 21:14

The others were upset that Paul would be bound and handed over and even to die in Jerusalem. But Paul persuaded them that was part of God’s will

Conclusion:

Tacit, silence, silent, quiet, repose

In Greek Hellenism, this term is used in various ways. Thucydides makes reference to maintaining the peace (quiet) necessary for prosperity. Plato makes reference to objects at rest.

In the Old Testament, this term becomes integrated with God’s relationship with man.

In the New Testament, this term is also used in both ordinary and nuanced ways. The Pharisees and legal scribes kept their silence in their anger. The Jewish Christians stopped their objections (held their peace) realizing that the Gospel was also for the Gentiles. The others had to let the matter rest (accept the current situation) about Paul’s fate. St. Peter Martyr calls for silence and still yet could not be silenced (for what he believed in) at his death.

Update: The Biden Administration (federal govt.) continues to remain silent in not being forthcoming to the American people about the shooting of the unknown objects in the US and Canada’s airspace. (This only serves to increase rampant speculation).

In the congressional hearings regarding the FBI’s collusion with Twitter, Democrats and Progressives remain silent. (They tacitly agree with the govt. colluding with the online media forums).

The Biden Administration continues to remain silent about the open border, fentanyl distribution, and cartel activity.

Democrats and Progressives continue to remain silent about the serious consequences of lax sentencing and no cash bail (repeated criminal activity, murders, arson, vandalism, etc).

The 51 security experts, claiming that Hunter’s laptop was Russian disinformation, will no longer be quiet. They will soon be testifying before Congress.

Parents are no longer being silent for the sex/gender ideology and CRT being taught in the schools.

Many have not been silent about the unfairness of the government paying of the loans of many students.

Many have not been silent in criticizing a Vatican cardinal’s determining how a parish should celebrate Mass (Novus Order or TLM). This cardinal is acting like an arrogant and pretentious Pharisee.

More and more Catholics are flocking to the TLM precisely because of its increased silence and reverence. (This also becomes more of an indictment of the failings of the New Mass. Many just do not “get anything out” of this modern celebration.

More and more woman (and others) are refusing to be silent about transgender woman competing in woman’s sports.

More and more people are refusing to be silent about the harms of puberty blockers and gender reassignment surgery for young kids.

Pro-life advocates are now being persecuted and arrested for standing quiet and praying before abortion facilities (US and England).

The US Transportation Secretary has been criticized for being slow to respond and for being silent about many transportation, commerce, and logistics issues.

Citizens in liberal states and cities seem to not object (hold their peace) about crime in their communities. They continue to elect leaders who continue these terrible policies.

The French bishops are attempting to remove ‘disordered” from the Catechism. The German bishops are completely going off the rails doctrinally. Yet, Pope Francis remains silent!

[Greek] δαπανάω (dapanaō), [Latin] consummare: to spend, to pay, to expend, to consume, to waste, to exert effort; Mk.5:26, Lk.15:14, Acts 21:24, 2Cor.12:15, Jas.4:3

Samson and Delilah: painting by Anthony Van Dyck (1618)

Background information:

Samson and Delilah: The light within the painting is focused on Delilah, who is in contrast to Samson, covered with only a loincloth. Deliliah had spent time to figure out Samson’ powers. Delilah had put Samson to sleep. Delilah raises a silencing finger to hush the guards and command them into action. The guards watch with anxiety, knowing even their combined strength would be no match for the superhuman Sampson. The artist heightens the drama by giving the barber what appears to be giant sheep sheers. Samson loses his strength when his hair is removed.

Greek Hellenism: This term means to need more money, to defray expenses, to spend, to consume, to destroy, and to exhaust. Xenophon’s Cyropaedia 2.4.11 states “Accordingly, as I recognize this in advance, I think I need more money.” Andocides’ Against Acibiades 4.42 states “The expenditures required of me, I met, not from the monies belonging to the state, but from my own pocket.” Isaeus’ Dicaeogenes 5.43 states “It is the property of these men, Dicaeogenes, that you inherited and have wickedly squandered, and having converted it into money you now plead poverty.

Old Testament: While Samson stayed with her, the Phillistine leaders instructed Delilah to discover his great strength. Delilah spent her time in convincing Samson to reveal his great strength. Samson revealed that he was a Nazirite for which no razor has touched his hair. Samson revealed that fastening his seven dreadlocks would make him grow weaker. Deliliah put Samson to sleep and called for a man to cut his hair. Samson became immediately helpless but was finally given the strength to cause destruction to upend two middle columns, resulting his and others’ death.

New Testament: This term means to spend, to waste, and to exert effort. The hemorraghic woman had suffered greatly and spent all she had at the hands of the doctors. The prodigal son squandered everything he had and found himself in dire need. Paul, attempting to rehabilitate his reputation among the Jews, provided for the sacrifices of four Nazirites. Paul, not wanting to be a burden to his followers, would be gladly spent (invest) his time in serving others. It is the manner (or motivation) in which one deals with needs and desires that can determine good or bad.

Scripture:

“When hed had freely spent everything, a severe famine struck that country, and he found himself in dire need.” Lk.15:14

The prodigal son (in the Parable of the Lost Son) had squandered everything he had. His father eventually welcomed him back to the family.

“Take these mean and purify yourself with them, and pay their expenses that they may have their heads shaved. In this way everyone will know that there is nothing to the reports that have given about you but you live in observance of the law.” Acts 21:24

Paul himself was also a Nazarite. Paul was trying to make amends his repairing his reputation among the Jews. It was customary to provide a lamb, ram, and food and drinks for the Nazirite sacrifices.

“I will gladly spend and be utterly spent for your sakes. If I love you more, am I to be loved less?” 2Cor.12:15

Paul did not want to be a burden to his followers. He would gladly exert his efforts in serving others.

Conclusion:

Consume, consummation, consumed

In Greek Hellenism, it was interesting to discover the more nuanced meanings of this term: to defray expenses and to destroy (a person). In anytime period of history, people can squander their or other’s money.

Samson, a Nazirite, was known to obtain his strength from his dreadlocks.

Paul was also thought to be a Nazirite. 2Cor.12:15 illustrates a more recent notion of being spent (tired) in some activity. Pleasures, in themselves, are not evil. The motivations in for seeking needs and desires are what determine what is good or evil.

It was sheer luck that I was able to find several scriptural examples of both Nazirites and shears.

[Greek] ἐλέγχω (elegchō), [Latin] arguere, [Latin] convincere, [Latin] redarguere, [Latin] increpare: to confute, to admonish, to find fault, to expose, to rebuke; Mt.18:15, Lk.3:19, Jn.3:20, Jn.8:9,46, Jn.16:8, 1Cor.14:24, Eph.5:11,13, 1Tim.5:20, 2Tim.4:2, Tit.1:9,13, Tit.2:15, Heb.12:5, Jas.2:9, Rev.3:19

The Woman Taken in Adultery: painting by Lorenzo Lotto (1528)

Background information:

The Woman Taken in Adultery: The scribes and Pharisees were intending to set a trap for Jesus: either condemn this woman or condemn yourself as an opponent of the law of Moses. They are angry (with a bitter zeal) and are demanding justice. They deceive themselves, focusing on the exteriors of religion, thinking they are about God’s business. They are exposed as hypocrites. The woman is moved and contrite in Christ’s holy presence. The scribes and Pharisees do not seem to have a clue as to who Jesus really is. When Jesus says, ‘Let him who is without sin cast the first stone’, they all walk away. It is only when we know God that we know the measure of sin. Sin’s depravity is exposed when confronted by His infinite goodness and holiness. This painting hangs in the Louvre in Paris.

Greek Hellenism: This term means to confute, to expose, to refute, to disgrace, to cross examine, to convict, and to prove. Antiphon’s First Tetralogy 2.4.10 states “They assert not that I am not the probable, but that I am the actual murderer. Moreover, those inferences have in fact have proved to be in my favor than theirs.” Xenophon’s Memorabilia 1.72 states “He must never accept an engagement of crowds, or he will expose himself to ridicule as an incompetent player or imposter.” Plato’s Gorgias 458a states “Of what sort am I? One of those who would be glad to be refuted, if I say anything true, and glad to refute anyone who might speak untruly.” Aeschylus Libation Bearers 851 states “I wish to see the messenger and put him to the test again.”

Old Testament: This term means to do wrong (become guilty), to examine, to search, to convict, to prove, to rebuke, to disturb, and to strike. This term often denotes the disciplining and education of man by God as a result of His judicial actions. Examples include conviction of the sinner, punishment, instruction of the righteous by tests, teaching, and admonition. Exhortation is shown in the prophetic books. Lo, with My rebuke I dry up the sea, I turn rivers into a desert (Isa.50:2). This is a day of distress, of rebuke, and of disgrace (Isa.37:3). Your own mouth condemns you, not I; your own lips refute you (Job 15:6). The man who pleads his case first seems to be in the right; then his opponent comes and puts him to the test (Pro.18:17). For the Lord has a plea against His people (Mic.6:2). Let that server you as a vindication before all who are with you (Gen.20:16). How agreeable are honest words, yet how unconvincing is your argument (Job 6:25).

New Testament: This term can mean to find fault, to censure, to expose, to be convicted (self-examine), to refute, and to find guilty. Because of his actions, Herod was censured by John the Baptist. Correction of one’s fellow brother must first settled privately. Those who do not live the truth (and seek the light) do not want their works exposed. The Jews, examining their own consciences, walked away away from stoning the woman. The Holy Spirit comes to convict the world in regard to sin and righteousness. One must expose and correct the sinful actions of others. One must not lose heart when receiving the fatherly correction of the Lord.

Scripture:

“And in response, they went away one by one, beginning with the elders. So He was left alone with the woman before Him.” Jn. 8:9

Being convicted by one’s conscience (or self-examining oneself) is implied in this scripture. The accusers walked away as they were in not a moral position to pass judgment on the woman.

“For everyone who does wicked things hate the light and does not come toward the light, so that his works might not be exposed.” Jn.3:20

Those who live the truth come to the light. Light came into the world, but some people prefer to darkness to light.

“Take no part in the fruitless works of darkness; rather expose them.” Eph.5:11

One must also expose those who perform works of darkness. This is in conjunction with exhorting and correcting those with sound doctrine.

Conclusion:

Argue, argument, convince, increpation

It was interesting to discover that this term can take on various meanings, ranging from exposing, proving, testing, and rebuking. This term often involves relates to one’s beliefs or motives.

In the Old Testament, this term serves to define God’s relationship with His people. God educates, disciplines, punishes, convicts, and tests others.

In the New Testament, this term takes on literal and subtle meanings. It is easily seen that Herod has been censured by John the Baptist. An important theme is the process of compassionately correcting a sinful brother, through several steps if needed. It is also important that the works of darkness must be exposed. Exhorting, reprimanding, and teaching of sound doctrine is also needed. The Holy Spirit convicts the world regarding sin and righteousness. Hebrews points out that is sometimes necessary to receive gentle correction from the Father (and not to lose heart). The more nuanced example refers to the Jewish accusers (who were forced to examine their own conscience) walked away from accused woman. Any such event or occurrence exposes one’s attitudes or motives.

Update: Recently, there has been outbreak of war (launching of missiles) between Jerusalem and Hamas. This crisis has awakened and exposed the loyalties attitudes for and against both Jerusalem, Palestine, and Hamas. The Republicans have shown great solidarity with Jerusalem’s concerns. However, it is interesting to note that is difficult to find to find solid support for Jerusalem among Democrats and Progressives. This support has been wavering because of current political considerations. As a result, these Democrats and Progressives have been criticized for not fully supporting Jerusalem.

I hope this post convinces you to consider what you really believe in.